CAJ | 학술논문

农民权问题是发达国家和发展中国家在植物遗传资源保护及可持续利用中争论的焦点问题之一。植物遗传资源开发、保护中出现的农民权，就其性质而言，是一种新型的知识产权，类似专利法中的先用权；其权利主体是那些长期以来在保存、改良和提供植物遗传资源中做出贡献的农民群体；经过农民鉴别、保存、改良的原生境条件下和非原生境条件下的粮食和农业植物遗传资源是农民权的客体；其权利内容包括农民群体享有的精神权利和财产权利。
농민권문제시발체국가화발전중국가재식물유전자원보호급가지속이용중쟁론적초점문제지일。식물유전자원개발、보호중출현적농민권，취기성질이언，시일충신형적지식산권，유사전리법중적선용권；기권리주체시나사장기이래재보존、개량화제공식물유전자원중주출공헌적농민군체；경과농민감별、보존、개량적원생경조건하화비원생경조건하적양식화농업식물유전자원시농민권적객체；기권리내용포괄농민군체향유적정신권리화재산권리。
The issue of farmers’ rights is one of the contentions between developed and developing countries on the protection and sustainable use of plant genetic resources .Farmers’ rights arising in the exploitation and protection of plant genetic resources ,by its very nature ,are a new type of intellectual property rights ,similar to the prior right in patent law .The subjects of farmers’ rights are farmers as a group who have long been making enormous contributions to the conservation and improvement of plant genetic resources .The objects of farmers’ rights should cover plant genetic resources of food and agriculture both in situ and ex situ conditions ,through the identification ,preservation and improvement by farmers .The content of farmers’ rights includes moral rights and property rights to be enjoyed by farmers .