励耘语言学刊
勵耘語言學刊
려운어언학간
Academic Journal of LIYUN(Language Volume)
2015年
1期
40-47
,共8页
词类%词的同一性%语法范畴%兼类%量词
詞類%詞的同一性%語法範疇%兼類%量詞
사류%사적동일성%어법범주%겸류%량사
parts of speech%identity of word%grammatical category%multi-categories word%measure word
本文以词的同一性原则为理论依据，分析名量兼类问题。词类的本质是语法意义的类别，不同的词类代表着不同的语法范畴；词的同一性是语音、语义的同一；语义不仅包括词汇意义还包括语法意义；只有词汇意义和语法意义两方面都相同或相近，并有相同的语音形式，才能归并为同一个词；兼类词是同一个词因不同义项有不同的词性而兼属两个或两个以上词类，因此名量兼类是真正的兼类现象之一。由于名量兼类在量词中所占比例高达27%，本文进而推论，现代汉语名量词正处于进一步扩大的进程中。
本文以詞的同一性原則為理論依據，分析名量兼類問題。詞類的本質是語法意義的類彆，不同的詞類代錶著不同的語法範疇；詞的同一性是語音、語義的同一；語義不僅包括詞彙意義還包括語法意義；隻有詞彙意義和語法意義兩方麵都相同或相近，併有相同的語音形式，纔能歸併為同一箇詞；兼類詞是同一箇詞因不同義項有不同的詞性而兼屬兩箇或兩箇以上詞類，因此名量兼類是真正的兼類現象之一。由于名量兼類在量詞中所佔比例高達27%，本文進而推論，現代漢語名量詞正處于進一步擴大的進程中。
본문이사적동일성원칙위이론의거，분석명량겸류문제。사류적본질시어법의의적유별，불동적사류대표착불동적어법범주；사적동일성시어음、어의적동일；어의불부포괄사회의의환포괄어법의의；지유사회의의화어법의의량방면도상동혹상근，병유상동적어음형식，재능귀병위동일개사；겸류사시동일개사인불동의항유불동적사성이겸속량개혹량개이상사류，인차명량겸류시진정적겸류현상지일。유우명량겸류재량사중소점비례고체27%，본문진이추론，현대한어명량사정처우진일보확대적진정중。
This paper analyzed noun-classifier multi-categories issues, according to the identity of words. This paper thinks that the essence of the parts of speech is the categories of syntax meanings;the different part of speech differs in their own syntax categories. The identity of words includes the identity of phonetics and semantics. Semantics includes not only the lexical meaning, but also includes the syntax meaning. Only both lexical meaning and syntax meaning are the same or similar, and have the same phonetic form, semantics can be merged into a same word;multi-categories words are the same words, because their different meanings are parts of speech so they belong to two or more than two parts of speech, so the noun-classifier multi-categories issue is one of the real multi-categories word. The ratio of noun-classifier words in classifiers had totaled 27%, and then we may infer that in modern chinese, the set of substance measure word is expanding accordingly.
