CAJ | 학술논문

【目的】从森林资源管理的视角，在专家咨询的基础上，构建一套指标体系对国有林场管理绩效进行评价，为国有林场改革提供科学决策依据。【方法】该指标体系从管理过程和管理结果2个状态，包含培育森林资源、开发利用森林资源、维护和保护森林资源、科技兴林、森林资源状况、生态状况、经济效益、社会效益8个主题层，35个指标。依据这个指标体系，利用层次分析法和距离函数，通过专家打分法确定各指标对总目标的权重，以福建省将乐国有林场为例，进行实地调查获取各个指标的目标值与实际值，最后计算出福建省将乐国有林场森林资源管理的实际值与目标值的综合距离，以判断国有林场森林资源管理绩效水平。【结果】将乐林场管理过程的距离值为0.1392，管理结果的距离值为0.1295，森林资源管理绩效综合距离值为0.2678，这说明将乐国有林场森林资源管理绩效处于较好水平。从其管理过程和管理结果分别来看，管理过程的距离值占森林资源管理绩效综合距离值的比例为51.81%，管理结果的距离值占森林资源管理绩效综合距离值的比例为48.19%，这说明将乐林场管理结果略好于管理过程。【结论】将乐国有林场在森林资源管理方面取得了较好的效果，但是，在具体指标的测算中显示出了一些问题：1)森林活立木蓄积增长率指标的距离值为1；2)林场营业收入增长率指标的距离值为1；3)第三产业产值占林业总产值比重指标的距离值为1。因此，对将乐林场提出了如下具体建议：1)大力发展林下经济(林下种植和养殖)，提高林地单位面积生产率；2)积极利用国家政策进行低产林改造，进一步改善森林质量，提高森林质量，提高单位面积活立木蓄积量；3)调整产业结构，拓宽收入渠道，加快发展第三产业。【目的】從森林資源管理的視角，在專傢咨詢的基礎上，構建一套指標體繫對國有林場管理績效進行評價，為國有林場改革提供科學決策依據。【方法】該指標體繫從管理過程和管理結果2箇狀態，包含培育森林資源、開髮利用森林資源、維護和保護森林資源、科技興林、森林資源狀況、生態狀況、經濟效益、社會效益8箇主題層，35箇指標。依據這箇指標體繫，利用層次分析法和距離函數，通過專傢打分法確定各指標對總目標的權重，以福建省將樂國有林場為例，進行實地調查穫取各箇指標的目標值與實際值，最後計算齣福建省將樂國有林場森林資源管理的實際值與目標值的綜閤距離，以判斷國有林場森林資源管理績效水平。【結果】將樂林場管理過程的距離值為0.1392，管理結果的距離值為0.1295，森林資源管理績效綜閤距離值為0.2678，這說明將樂國有林場森林資源管理績效處于較好水平。從其管理過程和管理結果分彆來看，管理過程的距離值佔森林資源管理績效綜閤距離值的比例為51.81%，管理結果的距離值佔森林資源管理績效綜閤距離值的比例為48.19%，這說明將樂林場管理結果略好于管理過程。【結論】將樂國有林場在森林資源管理方麵取得瞭較好的效果，但是，在具體指標的測算中顯示齣瞭一些問題：1)森林活立木蓄積增長率指標的距離值為1；2)林場營業收入增長率指標的距離值為1；3)第三產業產值佔林業總產值比重指標的距離值為1。因此，對將樂林場提齣瞭如下具體建議：1)大力髮展林下經濟(林下種植和養殖)，提高林地單位麵積生產率；2)積極利用國傢政策進行低產林改造，進一步改善森林質量，提高森林質量，提高單位麵積活立木蓄積量；3)調整產業結構，拓寬收入渠道，加快髮展第三產業。
【목적】종삼림자원관리적시각，재전가자순적기출상，구건일투지표체계대국유림장관리적효진행평개，위국유림장개혁제공과학결책의거。【방법】해지표체계종관리과정화관리결과2개상태，포함배육삼림자원、개발이용삼림자원、유호화보호삼림자원、과기흥림、삼림자원상황、생태상황、경제효익、사회효익8개주제층，35개지표。의거저개지표체계，이용층차분석법화거리함수，통과전가타분법학정각지표대총목표적권중，이복건성장악국유림장위례，진행실지조사획취각개지표적목표치여실제치，최후계산출복건성장악국유림장삼림자원관리적실제치여목표치적종합거리，이판단국유림장삼림자원관리적효수평。【결과】장악림장관리과정적거리치위0.1392，관리결과적거리치위0.1295，삼림자원관리적효종합거리치위0.2678，저설명장악국유림장삼림자원관리적효처우교호수평。종기관리과정화관리결과분별래간，관리과정적거리치점삼림자원관리적효종합거리치적비례위51.81%，관리결과적거리치점삼림자원관리적효종합거리치적비례위48.19%，저설명장악림장관리결과략호우관리과정。【결론】장악국유림장재삼림자원관리방면취득료교호적효과，단시，재구체지표적측산중현시출료일사문제：1)삼림활립목축적증장솔지표적거리치위1；2)림장영업수입증장솔지표적거리치위1；3)제삼산업산치점임업총산치비중지표적거리치위1。인차，대장악림장제출료여하구체건의：1)대력발전림하경제(림하충식화양식)，제고임지단위면적생산솔；2)적겁이용국가정책진행저산림개조，진일보개선삼림질량，제고삼림질량，제고단위면적활립목축적량；3)조정산업결구，탁관수입거도，가쾌발전제삼산업。
Objective]State-owned forest farms have already become one of the main parts of ecological construction. State-owned forest farms manage forest resources on behalf of the state. Forest resources are the core of the management of state-owned forest farms,therefore,forest resource management performance assessment is an important way to evaluate the management efficacy of the state-owned forest farms. From the perspective of forest resource management,on the basis of expert consultation,this paper develops a set of index system of performance evaluation of state-owned forest farm management. [Method]From the management process and management result two state layers,the index system include forest cultivation,forest development and utilization,forest sustaining and protecting,forestry technology,forest resources state,ecological state,economic benefits and social benefits,totally eight topics,35 indicators. Based on this index system,using the analytic hierarchy process ( AHP ) and the distance function,through the expert scoring method to determine the weight of each indicator on total target,taking Jiangle state-owned forest farm of Fujian province as an example,the field investigation has been carried out to obtain the reference and the actual value of each indicator. It then calculates the comprehensive distance from the actual value to reference value of forest resource management of Jiangle state-owned forest farm,which assesses forest resources management performance of the state-owned forest farm.[Result]Assessment results show that the distance value of management process is 0. 139 2 and the distance value of management results is 0. 129 5 ,the comprehensive distance value of performance management of forest resources is 0. 268 7 . This indicates that forest resources management performance of Jiangle state-owned forest farms is good. From the management process and management results respectively, the distance value of management process accounts 51. 81% of comprehensive distance of forest resource management; the distance value of management results accounts 48. 19% of comprehensive distance,which shows that the management results was slightly better than the management process.[Conclusion]Assessment result shows that Jiangle state-owned forest farm has achieved good level in forest resources management. However in the calculation of specific indicators also shows some problems:1) the distance value of annual change rate in forest stocks is 1;2 ) distance value of increase rate of farm business revenue is 1;3 ) the distance value of the ratio tertiary industry output to forestry output is 1 . Therefore the following suggestions are put forward:1 ) To greatly develop under-forests economy ( under-forests planting and breeding ) and raise the productivity of forest land per unit area;2) To actively reform the low yield forest by applying the related national policies,so as to further improve forest and increase the stocking volume per unit area;3) To adjust industrial structure,broaden the income channels,and speed up the development of the tertiary industry.