CAJ | 학술논문

某奶牛场新生犊牛流行肺炎和关节炎，而且母牛乳腺炎发生率高、流产率高。为确定病因，选择1头妊娠6月的流产死胎、1头妊娠8月的早产弱胎及3头出生后2周左右的患病犊牛，进行了病理学观察、病原学分离鉴定和饲养管理分析，同时采集了10份乳腺炎奶样进行病原菌分离鉴定。结果显示，3头新生犊牛患牛支原体肺炎/关节炎，其中混合感染多杀性巴氏杆菌A型1头、溶血曼氏杆菌1头；流产和早产胎儿未检测到支原体感染；牛乳中未检测到牛支原体，可能与长期使用抗生素有关；检测到的致病菌个体差异很大，包括金黄色葡萄球菌、链球菌等，表明是一种随机性的继发感染。综合流行病学资料和检测结果，可以得出初步结论：新生犊牛牛支原体感染发生在出生后，牛支原体肺炎/关节炎的传染源应是患牛支原体乳腺炎母牛的乳汁。因此，目前情况下，新生犊牛出生后与母牛隔离、饲喂巴氏消毒初乳和常乳将是预防牛支原体肺炎的唯一办法。
모내우장신생독우류행폐염화관절염，이차모우유선염발생솔고、유산솔고。위학정병인，선택1두임신6월적유산사태、1두임신8월적조산약태급3두출생후2주좌우적환병독우，진행료병이학관찰、병원학분리감정화사양관리분석，동시채집료10빈유선염내양진행병원균분리감정。결과현시，3두신생독우환우지원체폐염/관절염，기중혼합감염다살성파씨간균A형1두、용혈만씨간균1두；유산화조산태인미검측도지원체감염；우유중미검측도우지원체，가능여장기사용항생소유관；검측도적치병균개체차이흔대，포괄금황색포도구균、련구균등，표명시일충수궤성적계발감염。종합류행병학자료화검측결과，가이득출초보결론：신생독우우지원체감염발생재출생후，우지원체폐염/관절염적전염원응시환우지원체유선염모우적유즙。인차，목전정황하，신생독우출생후여모우격리、사위파씨소독초유화상유장시예방우지원체폐염적유일판법。
In some dairy farm, the new born calves had a high prevalence of pneumonia and arthritis, meanwhile the cows had high prevalence of mastitis and abortion. To determine the etiological factors of calf pneumonia and the link to the cow diseases, 1 aborted dead fetus of 6 month gestation, 1 weak calf from premature delivery and 3 diseased calves at about 2 weeks of age were selected, and pathological observation and pathogen identification were performed. In addition, 10 milk samples were collected from 10 cows with clinical mastitis for pathogen isolation. As a result, 3 diseased new born calves were determined to have Mycoplasma bovis pneumonia, among them, 1 was co-infected with PasteurellamultocidaA, another with Mannheimiahaemolytica. However, no Mycoplasma bovis was detected in lungs of aborted calves and milk samples of cows. Although bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus were isolated in milk samples, there was a great diversity of species among the individuals revealing a randomly secondary infection. By combining the laboratory detection results with the epidemiological data, the conclusion was preliminarily drawn that Mycoplasma bovis caused pneumonia and arthritis of the new born calves and the infection occurred after the birth, and the agent most likely originated from milk of cows with Mycoplasma bovis mastitis. Therefore, currently, the only way to prevent Mycoplasma bovis infection would be that new born calves were segregated from mother cows immediately after birth and fed pasteurized colostrum and ordinary milk.