铁道学报
鐵道學報
철도학보
2015年
6期
41-47
,共7页
王文静%李广君%唐薇%李秋泽
王文靜%李廣君%唐薇%李鞦澤
왕문정%리엄군%당미%리추택
轴箱弹簧%载荷%接触应力%接触疲劳
軸箱彈簧%載荷%接觸應力%接觸疲勞
축상탄황%재하%접촉응력%접촉피로
axle box spring%load%contact stress%contact fatigue
自哈大高速铁路开通以来,某动车组转向架发生轴箱弹簧断裂故障多起,断口均位于第一工作圈距弹簧端部60 mm处,断裂弹簧的平均寿命里程为165万km。本文通过断口形貌分析、弹簧在线载荷识别以及接触应力有限元仿真,对该轴箱弹簧的失效原因进行了分析。断口的宏、微观分析表明,弹簧发生了典型的疲劳断裂。将轴箱弹簧标定为测力弹簧,在运用线路上实测了弹簧垂向载荷和横向载荷时间历程,结果表明,该弹簧运用中未受到超出其动态设计规范的冲击载荷,其垂向和横向载荷均为随机动载荷,其中垂向载荷最大幅值为3.72 kN ,横向载荷最大幅值为1.18 kN。利用ABAQUS有限元程序仿真分析了弹簧接触应力随垂向和横向载荷的变化规律,结果表明,第一工作圈距弹簧端部60 mm处的等效接触切应力值最大,与实际断裂位置相吻合。
自哈大高速鐵路開通以來,某動車組轉嚮架髮生軸箱彈簧斷裂故障多起,斷口均位于第一工作圈距彈簧耑部60 mm處,斷裂彈簧的平均壽命裏程為165萬km。本文通過斷口形貌分析、彈簧在線載荷識彆以及接觸應力有限元倣真,對該軸箱彈簧的失效原因進行瞭分析。斷口的宏、微觀分析錶明,彈簧髮生瞭典型的疲勞斷裂。將軸箱彈簧標定為測力彈簧,在運用線路上實測瞭彈簧垂嚮載荷和橫嚮載荷時間歷程,結果錶明,該彈簧運用中未受到超齣其動態設計規範的遲擊載荷,其垂嚮和橫嚮載荷均為隨機動載荷,其中垂嚮載荷最大幅值為3.72 kN ,橫嚮載荷最大幅值為1.18 kN。利用ABAQUS有限元程序倣真分析瞭彈簧接觸應力隨垂嚮和橫嚮載荷的變化規律,結果錶明,第一工作圈距彈簧耑部60 mm處的等效接觸切應力值最大,與實際斷裂位置相吻閤。
자합대고속철로개통이래,모동차조전향가발생축상탄황단렬고장다기,단구균위우제일공작권거탄황단부60 mm처,단렬탄황적평균수명리정위165만km。본문통과단구형모분석、탄황재선재하식별이급접촉응력유한원방진,대해축상탄황적실효원인진행료분석。단구적굉、미관분석표명,탄황발생료전형적피로단렬。장축상탄황표정위측력탄황,재운용선로상실측료탄황수향재하화횡향재하시간역정,결과표명,해탄황운용중미수도초출기동태설계규범적충격재하,기수향화횡향재하균위수궤동재하,기중수향재하최대폭치위3.72 kN ,횡향재하최대폭치위1.18 kN。이용ABAQUS유한원정서방진분석료탄황접촉응력수수향화횡향재하적변화규률,결과표명,제일공작권거탄황단부60 mm처적등효접촉절응력치최대,여실제단렬위치상문합。
Since the opening of Harbin‐Dalian passenger dedicated line , several fracture failures have occurred in the axle box springs of the bogies of a high‐speed train . All the failures were located at the first working coil , 60 mm from the end of the spring . The average life of the failed springs is estimated to be 1 650 000 km . The failure reason of the axle box spring was analyzed by means of fracture morphology analysis ,load identification of the spring under the service condition and contact stress FE simulation . The macroscopic and microscopic a‐nalysis of fractured surface showed that the failure was caused by fatigue . The axle box spring was calibrated into a load transducer and the time history of vertical and lateral loads was measured when the train was in serv‐ice . The test results indicated that the spring had not received impact loads beyond the dynamic design specifi‐cation ,and its vertical and lateral loads were both random dynamic loads . The maximum vertical load was 3.72 kN and the maximum lateral load was 1.18 kN . The contact stress in the work coil of the spring was sim‐ulated using ABAQUS and its variation with the applied vertical and lateral load was studied . The simulation results showed that the maximum equivalent shear stress occurred at the first work coil ,60 mm from the end , which was consistent with the observed failure position .