CAJ | 학술논문

运用有限元法建立车辆-轨道非线性耦合系统动力分析模型，该模型将车辆-轨道系统以轮轨接触为界限分成车辆，轨道两个子系统并通过轮轨接触力的平衡和位移协调条件耦合在一起。通过交叉迭代算法分别求解车辆，轨道系统的运动方程，此时每一步都需要判断使之满足轮轨几何相容条件和相互作用力平衡条件，这样对时间步长的选取要求较高，但是如果时间步长超过某一限值，易于导致迭代失败。引入了修正因子对轮轨接触力进行修正，这不仅可以放宽对时间步长的选取，还能加速收敛，提高计算效率。为验证算法的正确性，不仅进行了算例验证，还给出了引入修正因子的交叉迭代算法求解车辆-轨道非线性耦合系统动力学方程的算例，算例中考虑了不同的时间步长和不同的修正因子对交叉迭代算法收敛速度的影响。计算结果表明引入修正因子的交叉迭代算法具有程序编制简单、收敛速度快、用时少、精度高的优点。
운용유한원법건립차량-궤도비선성우합계통동력분석모형，해모형장차량-궤도계통이륜궤접촉위계한분성차량，궤도량개자계통병통과륜궤접촉력적평형화위이협조조건우합재일기。통과교차질대산법분별구해차량，궤도계통적운동방정，차시매일보도수요판단사지만족륜궤궤하상용조건화상호작용력평형조건，저양대시간보장적선취요구교고，단시여과시간보장초과모일한치，역우도치질대실패。인입료수정인자대륜궤접촉력진행수정，저불부가이방관대시간보장적선취，환능가속수렴，제고계산효솔。위험증산법적정학성，불부진행료산례험증，환급출료인입수정인자적교차질대산법구해차량-궤도비선성우합계통동역학방정적산례，산례중고필료불동적시간보장화불동적수정인자대교차질대산법수렴속도적영향。계산결과표명인입수정인자적교차질대산법구유정서편제간단、수렴속도쾌、용시소、정도고적우점。
A model for dynamic analysis of vehicle-track nonlinear coupling system was established by finite ele?ment method. The whole system was divided into two subsystems, i.e., the vehicle subsystem considered as second?ary spring vehicle model and the track subsystem regarded as three discrete elastic beams model. Coupling of the two systems was achieved by equilibrium conditions for wheel-rail nonlinear contact forces and geometrical com?patibility conditions. A cross-iterative algorithm was presented to solve the dynamics equations of vehicle-track nonlinear coupling system, but every step must be judged to satisfy equilibrium conditions for wheel-rail nonlinear contact forces and geometrical compatibility conditions, leading to the selection of a higher time step that if the time step exceeded a certain value it would be easy to cause failure of the iteration. In view of this situation, a re?laxation technique was introduced to correct the wheel-rail contact force, which not only could broaden the selec?tion of the time step but also could accelerate the iterative convergence rate. By contrast with the example of refer?ence, the correctness of the algorithm was verified. Examples of cross-iterative algorithm of the relaxation tech?nique were given, in which the influence of different time steps and relaxation techniques were considered. Results demonstrated that the cross-iterative algorithm had the advantages of simple programming, fast convergence rate, less computation time and high accuracy.