海关与经贸研究
海關與經貿研究
해관여경무연구
Journal of Customs and Trade
2015年
3期
1-13
,共13页
海关改革%知识产权保护与管理%自贸试验区%跨太平洋战略经济伙伴关系协议
海關改革%知識產權保護與管理%自貿試驗區%跨太平洋戰略經濟夥伴關繫協議
해관개혁%지식산권보호여관리%자무시험구%과태평양전략경제화반관계협의
protection and administration of IPR%Pilot Free Trade Zones%TPP
通过合作加强知识产权的保护，是自由贸易协定中的一项重要内容。面对国际知识产权保护出现的动向，中国自贸试验区的知识产权管理有三种选择：(1)区内实行高标准或TPP式的严格保护制度；(2)区内除特殊行业实行高标准重点保护外，总体上应按TRIPs的规定实施知识产权保护；(3)区内遵循TRIPs知识产权保护规定，但逐步向高标准看齐。过高的保护会损害中国企业的利益，并阻碍中国经济的发展的势头。但如果中国准备进入TPP谈判，加入美国的游戏规则，那么在区内试行TPP高标准，然后向全国推广，也未尝不可。不过，具体在试行中会出现一系列的问题：第一，“一国两法”问题；第二，双重法规在区内企业与区外企业发生纠纷解决中出现双重标准问题。为此，目前各自贸试验区可以做的是：(1)区内应有机构承担起知识产权保护管理的职能；(2)缔造区内严格、透明、高效、公正的知识产权保护环境；(3)成立快速调节中心，建立多元化纠纷解决机制；(4)补充并提供平行进口适用法律。
通過閤作加彊知識產權的保護，是自由貿易協定中的一項重要內容。麵對國際知識產權保護齣現的動嚮，中國自貿試驗區的知識產權管理有三種選擇：(1)區內實行高標準或TPP式的嚴格保護製度；(2)區內除特殊行業實行高標準重點保護外，總體上應按TRIPs的規定實施知識產權保護；(3)區內遵循TRIPs知識產權保護規定，但逐步嚮高標準看齊。過高的保護會損害中國企業的利益，併阻礙中國經濟的髮展的勢頭。但如果中國準備進入TPP談判，加入美國的遊戲規則，那麽在區內試行TPP高標準，然後嚮全國推廣，也未嘗不可。不過，具體在試行中會齣現一繫列的問題：第一，“一國兩法”問題；第二，雙重法規在區內企業與區外企業髮生糾紛解決中齣現雙重標準問題。為此，目前各自貿試驗區可以做的是：(1)區內應有機構承擔起知識產權保護管理的職能；(2)締造區內嚴格、透明、高效、公正的知識產權保護環境；(3)成立快速調節中心，建立多元化糾紛解決機製；(4)補充併提供平行進口適用法律。
통과합작가강지식산권적보호，시자유무역협정중적일항중요내용。면대국제지식산권보호출현적동향，중국자무시험구적지식산권관리유삼충선택：(1)구내실행고표준혹TPP식적엄격보호제도；(2)구내제특수행업실행고표준중점보호외，총체상응안TRIPs적규정실시지식산권보호；(3)구내준순TRIPs지식산권보호규정，단축보향고표준간제。과고적보호회손해중국기업적이익，병조애중국경제적발전적세두。단여과중국준비진입TPP담판，가입미국적유희규칙，나요재구내시행TPP고표준，연후향전국추엄，야미상불가。불과，구체재시행중회출현일계렬적문제：제일，“일국량법”문제；제이，쌍중법규재구내기업여구외기업발생규분해결중출현쌍중표준문제。위차，목전각자무시험구가이주적시：(1)구내응유궤구승담기지식산권보호관리적직능；(2)체조구내엄격、투명、고효、공정적지식산권보호배경；(3)성립쾌속조절중심，건립다원화규분해결궤제；(4)보충병제공평행진구괄용법률。
One important part of FTAs is to strengthen the protection of IPR through coopera-tion. Facing the emerging trend of IPR protection, China’ s pilot free trade zones ( the FTZs) have three options in administration: Firstly, establishing high standards of or TPP-style strict protection system;secondly, implementing TRIPs IPR protection, except for those special industries protected with high standards; thirdly, following the TRIPs provisions, but gradually getting in line with a higher stand-ard. Excessive protection would harm the interests of Chinese enterprises, and impede the momentum of China’ s economic development. But if China is ready to enter the TPP negotiations and to join the U. S. rules of the game, then implementing the existing TPP high standards in the FTZs, prior to pro-moting them to the entire country, would be a workable idea. However, a series of problems will appear in the specific trials: one is the “one country, two law” issues; the other is the double standards for resolving disputes between business enterprises in the FTZs and those outside the FTZs. The solutions in the FTZs could be: firstly, to have an organization in FTZs competent to assume the administrative functions of IPR protection in the FTZ; secondly, to create a rigorous, transparent, efficient and equi-table IPR protection environment; thirdly, to found a rapid coordination center, and to build a diversi-fied dispute settlement mechanism; and fourthly, to supplement and provide applicable laws on parallel imports.
