CAJ | 학술논문

新中国成立后中国卫生发展援助经历了三个发展阶段，形成了派遣援外医疗队、援建医疗卫生设施等援助形式。改革开放后，世界格局和国内的经济社会基础发生深刻变化；过去相对简单、分散的卫生援助模式对受援国卫生系统的影响有限；卫生援助管理体制分散，缺乏顶层设计，导致援助效果打折；在西方国家主导的国际规则体系下，中国的卫生制度模式、技术和产品的输出受到限制；与受援国日益增长的需求相比，我国开展卫生合作的能力有待提高。建议以“新大国观、新义利观”、“以人为本”的思想和“以援助促发展、以发展促合作、最终实现共同发展”的理念指导中国卫生发展援助；创新适应国内外经济社会发展的“立体式”援助模式；改革卫生援助管理体制，合理界定部门权责，加强信息共享与协调；将卫生发展援助与全球卫生治理结合起来，促进援助外溢效应最大化；发挥民间力量的作用，加强引导和监管。
신중국성립후중국위생발전원조경력료삼개발전계단，형성료파견원외의료대、원건의료위생설시등원조형식。개혁개방후，세계격국화국내적경제사회기출발생심각변화；과거상대간단、분산적위생원조모식대수원국위생계통적영향유한；위생원조관리체제분산，결핍정층설계，도치원조효과타절；재서방국가주도적국제규칙체계하，중국적위생제도모식、기술화산품적수출수도한제；여수원국일익증장적수구상비，아국개전위생합작적능력유대제고。건의이“신대국관、신의리관”、“이인위본”적사상화“이원조촉발전、이발전촉합작、최종실현공동발전”적이념지도중국위생발전원조；창신괄응국내외경제사회발전적“입체식”원조모식；개혁위생원조관리체제，합리계정부문권책，가강신식공향여협조；장위생발전원조여전구위생치리결합기래，촉진원조외일효응최대화；발휘민간역량적작용，가강인도화감관。
Since the establishment of the People’s Republic of China, the development of China’s official de-velopment assistance for health has been going through three phases. To date, it has developed in many forms, inclu-ding the dispatch of medical team and the construction of health facilities. Since the market reforms, the global con-text together with the domestic socioeconomic foundations have changed; the impact of China’s relatively simple and segmented development assistance for health on the development of health systems in developing countries is limited;the effectiveness of assistance has been watered-down due to segmentation and vague management and accountability systems, as well as the lack of an overarching strategy;China’s health institutions, techniques and products suffer va-rious obstacles in their transfer to other countries where rules are dominated by western countries;compared with the increasing and multiple demands of development assistance for health from developing countries, the capacities of co-operation need to be further developed. As the paper suggests, use the “new major-country” and “new morality-in-terest” and“human oriented” concepts, as well as the ideology of“aid in order to develop, develop in order to coop-erate, so as to develop hand-in-hand” to guide China’s development assistance for health;innovate stereo-aid models to adapt to the changed foreign and domestic socioeconomic context; reform the development assistance for health management system and define rights and obligations appropriately;strengthen coordination and information sharing;link development assistance for health with global health governance to promote a maximized spillover effect;mobilize the civil society with strengthened guidance and supervision.