CAJ | 학술논문

目的：为制定一个更适合我国民航行业的航空材料显微硬度检测标准提供参考。方法显微硬度检测是测试金属涂层硬度的重要方法,国内外对显微硬度的检测都有相应的标准规范,从试验方法(适用范围、试验原理、试验设备、试验程序、试样制备、精度和误差)、硬度计的检验(直接检验、间接检验、周检)以及标准块的标定(标准块的制造、标准机、标定方法)3个方面,对比分析GB/T 4340—1999金属维氏硬度试验标准与ASTM E384—2011在内容上的主要异同。结果 ASTM E384—2011规定的试验力、对角线长度范围更广,试验程序更加具体细致,对误差来源的分析更加全面,但操作较GB/T 4340—1999繁琐；GB/T 4340—1999规定的操作程序简单易懂,且对曲面硬度值也适用,但在试样制备、试验程序、硬度计检验以及标准块标定上不及 ASTM E384—2011具体规范。结论在制定我国民航行业显微硬度检测标准时,与GB/T 4340—1999相比,ASTM E384—2011的主要特点是更加精确、规范,实用性高,更符合我国民航行业行情。
목적：위제정일개경괄합아국민항행업적항공재료현미경도검측표준제공삼고。방법현미경도검측시측시금속도층경도적중요방법,국내외대현미경도적검측도유상응적표준규범,종시험방법(괄용범위、시험원리、시험설비、시험정서、시양제비、정도화오차)、경도계적검험(직접검험、간접검험、주검)이급표준괴적표정(표준괴적제조、표준궤、표정방법)3개방면,대비분석GB/T 4340—1999금속유씨경도시험표준여ASTM E384—2011재내용상적주요이동。결과 ASTM E384—2011규정적시험력、대각선장도범위경엄,시험정서경가구체세치,대오차래원적분석경가전면,단조작교GB/T 4340—1999번쇄；GB/T 4340—1999규정적조작정서간단역동,차대곡면경도치야괄용,단재시양제비、시험정서、경도계검험이급표준괴표정상불급 ASTM E384—2011구체규범。결론재제정아국민항행업현미경도검측표준시,여GB/T 4340—1999상비,ASTM E384—2011적주요특점시경가정학、규범,실용성고,경부합아국민항행업행정。
ABSTRACT:Objective To provide a reference for China′s civil aviation industry to establish a suitable aeronautical material mi-croindentation hardness testing standard system. Methods Microindentation hardness testing has been used as an important method to test the metal coating hardness, and corresponding domestic and foreign standards have been established. Comparative analysis of China′s national standard GB/T 4340—1999 Metallic Materials Vickers Hardness Test and ASTM E384—2011 was conducted in this paper to reveal the main similarities and differences from three domains:test methods ( scope, apparatus, test specimen, pro-cedure, precision and bias), verification of testing machines (direct verification, indirect verification, weekly verification) and calibration of standardized hardness test blocks ( test block manufacture, marking) . Results ASTM E384—2011 standard has a wi-der range of test force and indentation diagonal, more detailed test procedures and a more comprehensive analysis of sources of er-ror, but the operation is relatively tedious as compared to GB/T 4340—1999. GB/T 4340—1999 operating procedures are simple, and also applicable for the surface hardness values, but are less normal than the specifications of ASTM E384—2011 in specimen preparation, test procedures, hardness testing and calibration of the standard block. Conclusion For establishing the micro-hard-ness testing standards in the China′s civil aviation industry, compared to the country GB/T 4340—1999, the main features of the standard ASTM E384—2011 is more accurate and standardized with high availability, which more conforms to the market of China′s civil aviation industry.