CAJ | 학술논문

为解决目前蔬菜田间有序直播生产过程劳动强度大的问题，以排种器的合格指数、重播指数、漏播指数和变异系数作为评价指标，设计出一种气力滚筒式精密排种器。排种器结构采用固定配气盘与排种盘配合的侧面换气方法实行负压吸种和正压排种，每个排种器排种1行，排种位置为水平方向。为探讨精量排种器性能参数的最佳匹配，对吸种负压、排种正压、吹种流量和作业速度在实验室台架进行了单因素和正交试验。试验结果表明：当蔬菜种子直径为1．2～1．8mm 时，最佳播种参数为吸种真空度为－7kPa，清种流量为8L／min，排种气压为0．15kPa，作业速度为1km／h；此时，合格指数为99．52％，漏播指数0．24％，重播指数为0．24％，变异系数为2．44％。设计出的排种器可根据农艺要求通过联轴器连接安装若干个播种单体，实现多行同时播种，行距最小为135mm。
위해결목전소채전간유서직파생산과정노동강도대적문제，이배충기적합격지수、중파지수、루파지수화변이계수작위평개지표，설계출일충기력곤통식정밀배충기。배충기결구채용고정배기반여배충반배합적측면환기방법실행부압흡충화정압배충，매개배충기배충1행，배충위치위수평방향。위탐토정량배충기성능삼수적최가필배，대흡충부압、배충정압、취충류량화작업속도재실험실태가진행료단인소화정교시험。시험결과표명：당소채충자직경위1．2～1．8mm 시，최가파충삼수위흡충진공도위－7kPa，청충류량위8L／min，배충기압위0．15kPa，작업속도위1km／h；차시，합격지수위99．52％，루파지수0．24％，중파지수위0．24％，변이계수위2．44％。설계출적배충기가근거농예요구통과련축기련접안장약간개파충단체，실현다행동시파충，행거최소위135mm。
In order to solve the high labor intensity in vegetables ordered direct seeding, designed and manufactured a pneumatic roller-type precision metering device , employing eligible index , multiple index , miss index , variable coeffi-cient as judging indexes.The metering device’ s stationary gas distribution disc match with metering plate, employing side breathing to realize negative pressure seed sucking and positive pressure seed discharging.Each metering device dis-charge one row, feed outlet is positioned in the horizontal position.In order to define the optimum performance parame-ters of precision metering device, single factor and orthogonal experiments were carried out in laboratory, with the experi-mental factors of negative pressure seed sucking, positive pressure seed discharging , flow of blow seeds and operating speed.Experiment indicates that when seed diameter is 1.2~1.8mm, metering device’s optimum performance parame-ters are:the vacuity is -7k Pa, the pressure is 0.15k Pa, the flow is 8 L/min and the operating speed is 1 km/h, the eligible index reaches as high as 99 .52%, both of the multiple index and the miss index are 0 .24%, the coefficient of variation is 2.44%.The metering device can also connected with a plurality of seeding monomer by coupling, to realize multi row sowing at the same time, minimum row spacing is 135 mm.