洞庭湖洲滩开沟沥水控制钉螺繁殖的研究
동정호주탄개구력수공제정라번식적연구
Effect of ditching for drain on control of Oncomelania hupensis snail in beaches of Dongting Lake
  • 万方数据
    中国血吸虫病防治杂志 중국혈흡충병방치잡지
    CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS CONTROL
    2015年 3期 241-245 ,共5页

    魏望远%卜开明%魏凯林%罗志红%任光辉%陈祥麟%易健民%刘宇%向阳%唐课文%阎建辉%夏蒙%丁良%卢先江%聂东宋%李援

    위망원%복개명%위개림%라지홍%임광휘%진상린%역건민%류우%향양%당과문%염건휘%하몽%정량%로선강%섭동송%리원

    日本血吸虫病%洞庭湖%洲滩%钉螺%开沟沥水 日本血吸蟲病%洞庭湖%洲灘%釘螺%開溝瀝水
    일본혈흡충병%동정호%주탄%정라%개구력수
    Schistosomiasis japonica%Dongting Lake%Beach%Oncomelania hupensis snail%Ditching for drain
    目的：评价洞庭湖区有螺洲滩实施开沟沥水工程后对钉螺孳生繁殖的影响。方法2009年11月-2012年11月，选择位于东洞庭湖区的岳阳监狱和君山区有螺外洲滩，分别设为干预区和对照区2组研究现场观察区。在干预区洲滩实施开沟沥水工程，采用挖掘机开挖“井”字沟，观察该工程对洲滩土壤含水量和相对地下水位、以及对钉螺孳生繁殖的影响。对照区洲滩不采取任何措施。结果开沟沥水工程实施前，2组观察区在枯水期不同高程的洲滩土壤平均含水量均在35.56%左右。工程实施后，干预区洲滩土壤平均含水量26.53%，而对照区则为35.56%，两者差异有统计学意义（F=6.53，P<0.05）；干预区不同高程相对地下水位明显低于对照区，差异有统计学意义（χ2=33.33，P<0.05）。工程实施前，干预区和对照区钉螺自然死亡率分别0.98%和0.89%，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；工程实施后的2012年干预区未再查见钉螺和幼螺，而对照区活螺平均密度和幼螺则仍分别为29.37只/0.1 m2和213±108.45只/0.1 m2。结论在湖区有螺洲滩开沟可迅速沥干洲滩积水，显著降低洲滩土壤的含水量，改变钉螺繁殖和孳生的生态条件，从而控制钉螺的孳生繁殖。
    목적：평개동정호구유라주탄실시개구력수공정후대정라자생번식적영향。방법2009년11월-2012년11월，선택위우동동정호구적악양감옥화군산구유라외주탄，분별설위간예구화대조구2조연구현장관찰구。재간예구주탄실시개구력수공정，채용알굴궤개알“정”자구，관찰해공정대주탄토양함수량화상대지하수위、이급대정라자생번식적영향。대조구주탄불채취임하조시。결과개구력수공정실시전，2조관찰구재고수기불동고정적주탄토양평균함수량균재35.56%좌우。공정실시후，간예구주탄토양평균함수량26.53%，이대조구칙위35.56%，량자차이유통계학의의（F=6.53，P<0.05）；간예구불동고정상대지하수위명현저우대조구，차이유통계학의의（χ2=33.33，P<0.05）。공정실시전，간예구화대조구정라자연사망솔분별0.98%화0.89%，차이무통계학의의（P>0.05）；공정실시후적2012년간예구미재사견정라화유라，이대조구활라평균밀도화유라칙잉분별위29.37지/0.1 m2화213±108.45지/0.1 m2。결론재호구유라주탄개구가신속력간주탄적수，현저강저주탄토양적함수량，개변정라번식화자생적생태조건，종이공제정라적자생번식。
    Objective To evaluate the effect of ditching for drain on the control of the breed of Oncomelania hupensis snails in beaches of Dongting Lake. Methods From November,2009 to November,2012,an O. hupensis snail infested beach of the Yueyang jail and an O. hupensis snail infested beach of Junshan District were selected as research fields in the eastern Dongting Lake area,and the former,as the intervention field,was performed with the ditching for drain by excavators and the latter,as the control field,was not. Results Before the project implemented,the average soil moisture contents on the beaches in dry seasons of the two fields were both about 35.56%. After the project implemented,in the intervention field,the average soil mois?ture content was 26.53%which was significantly lower than that(35.56%)in the control field(F=6.53,P<0.05). The under?ground water levels in different heights in the intervention field were lower than those in the control field (χ2 = 33.33,P <0.05). Before the project implemented,the natural death rates of the snails were 0.98%and 0.89%in the two research fields re?spectively(P>0.05),and after the project implemented(in 2012),no adult and young snails were found in the interventional field,but in the control field,the average densities of living snails and young snails were 29.37 snails/0.1 m2 and 213±108.45 snails/0.1 m2 respectively. Conclusion The intervention of ditching for drain can decrease the soil moisture contents quickly and change the ecological condition,therefore,can control the breed of O. hupensis snails in the beaches of Dongting Lake.
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