中国血吸虫病防治杂志
中國血吸蟲病防治雜誌
중국혈흡충병방치잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS CONTROL
2015年
3期
221-228
,共8页
孙乐平%梁幼生%戴建荣%洪青标%徐明%汪伟%高扬%谢朝勇%王琳%左引萍%吴锋%杨坤
孫樂平%樑幼生%戴建榮%洪青標%徐明%汪偉%高颺%謝朝勇%王琳%左引萍%吳鋒%楊坤
손악평%량유생%대건영%홍청표%서명%왕위%고양%사조용%왕림%좌인평%오봉%양곤
血吸虫病%监测预警%预警技术%预警信息%应急处置%集成示范%江苏省
血吸蟲病%鑑測預警%預警技術%預警信息%應急處置%集成示範%江囌省
혈흡충병%감측예경%예경기술%예경신식%응급처치%집성시범%강소성
Schistosomiasis%Surveillance and forecast%Forecast technique%Forecast information%Emergency treatment%Integration and demonstration%Jiangsu Province
目的：开展江苏省沿江水域血吸虫病监测预警技术研究与集成示范，为及时发现血吸虫病传播风险并采取有针对性的防控措施提供技术支撑。方法根据江苏省长江流域水系和沿江水域分布等特征，在全省重点区域设立血吸虫病监测预警示范点，开展哨鼠感染监测、人畜活动观察、预警信息发布、风险水域应急处置等技术集成示范，比较示范区内人畜活动方式与哨鼠感染情况，评价示范区血吸虫感染风险信息发布与应急处置流程的可操作性。结果在江苏省沿江5个市23个县（市、区）的渔船民集散地、船闸通江口、码头、农家乐游玩地、渡口、大型工地和南京青年奥运会保障地等环境水域设立50个监测预警示范点。2014年5-9月共进行了5个批次哨鼠监测，哨鼠总回收率为99.06%（4954/5001）；发现哨鼠感染点1个，查出阳性哨鼠1只，哨鼠总阳性率为0.02%（1/4933）。现场观察发现接触江水人员2088人次，其中捕鱼、收种作物和修造船等生产性接触江水占91.95%（1920/2088），钓鱼、洗菜、戏水等生活性接触江水占8.05%（168/2088）；以8-9月接触水体人员居多，占49.57%。现场观察到停靠船只859条，船民1877人，其中渔船占68.22%（586/859）、渔民占69.58%（1306/1877）。共在4个点观察到放养羊32只，其中在哨鼠感染点发现有散放羊3只。全省共发布了4次蓝色预警（接触疫水）和1次橙色预警（哨鼠阳性），发布预警地图1幅，其中显示有5个为捕鱼点、1个为羊散放点；启动应急响应机制1次；完成高危环境药物灭螺10 hm2；对120只散放羊实施集中圈养处理；对35名捕鱼人员发放宣传材料并开展查病和预防性治疗等措施。哨鼠阳性区域内未发生血吸虫急性感染。结论哨鼠感染监测、人畜活动观察、预警信息发布和风险水域应急处置等技术的集成示范为开展大流域血吸虫病监测预警提供了有效方法。
目的：開展江囌省沿江水域血吸蟲病鑑測預警技術研究與集成示範，為及時髮現血吸蟲病傳播風險併採取有針對性的防控措施提供技術支撐。方法根據江囌省長江流域水繫和沿江水域分佈等特徵，在全省重點區域設立血吸蟲病鑑測預警示範點，開展哨鼠感染鑑測、人畜活動觀察、預警信息髮佈、風險水域應急處置等技術集成示範，比較示範區內人畜活動方式與哨鼠感染情況，評價示範區血吸蟲感染風險信息髮佈與應急處置流程的可操作性。結果在江囌省沿江5箇市23箇縣（市、區）的漁船民集散地、船閘通江口、碼頭、農傢樂遊玩地、渡口、大型工地和南京青年奧運會保障地等環境水域設立50箇鑑測預警示範點。2014年5-9月共進行瞭5箇批次哨鼠鑑測，哨鼠總迴收率為99.06%（4954/5001）；髮現哨鼠感染點1箇，查齣暘性哨鼠1隻，哨鼠總暘性率為0.02%（1/4933）。現場觀察髮現接觸江水人員2088人次，其中捕魚、收種作物和脩造船等生產性接觸江水佔91.95%（1920/2088），釣魚、洗菜、戲水等生活性接觸江水佔8.05%（168/2088）；以8-9月接觸水體人員居多，佔49.57%。現場觀察到停靠船隻859條，船民1877人，其中漁船佔68.22%（586/859）、漁民佔69.58%（1306/1877）。共在4箇點觀察到放養羊32隻，其中在哨鼠感染點髮現有散放羊3隻。全省共髮佈瞭4次藍色預警（接觸疫水）和1次橙色預警（哨鼠暘性），髮佈預警地圖1幅，其中顯示有5箇為捕魚點、1箇為羊散放點；啟動應急響應機製1次；完成高危環境藥物滅螺10 hm2；對120隻散放羊實施集中圈養處理；對35名捕魚人員髮放宣傳材料併開展查病和預防性治療等措施。哨鼠暘性區域內未髮生血吸蟲急性感染。結論哨鼠感染鑑測、人畜活動觀察、預警信息髮佈和風險水域應急處置等技術的集成示範為開展大流域血吸蟲病鑑測預警提供瞭有效方法。
목적：개전강소성연강수역혈흡충병감측예경기술연구여집성시범，위급시발현혈흡충병전파풍험병채취유침대성적방공조시제공기술지탱。방법근거강소성장강류역수계화연강수역분포등특정，재전성중점구역설립혈흡충병감측예경시범점，개전초서감염감측、인축활동관찰、예경신식발포、풍험수역응급처치등기술집성시범，비교시범구내인축활동방식여초서감염정황，평개시범구혈흡충감염풍험신식발포여응급처치류정적가조작성。결과재강소성연강5개시23개현（시、구）적어선민집산지、선갑통강구、마두、농가악유완지、도구、대형공지화남경청년오운회보장지등배경수역설립50개감측예경시범점。2014년5-9월공진행료5개비차초서감측，초서총회수솔위99.06%（4954/5001）；발현초서감염점1개，사출양성초서1지，초서총양성솔위0.02%（1/4933）。현장관찰발현접촉강수인원2088인차，기중포어、수충작물화수조선등생산성접촉강수점91.95%（1920/2088），조어、세채、희수등생활성접촉강수점8.05%（168/2088）；이8-9월접촉수체인원거다，점49.57%。현장관찰도정고선지859조，선민1877인，기중어선점68.22%（586/859）、어민점69.58%（1306/1877）。공재4개점관찰도방양양32지，기중재초서감염점발현유산방양3지。전성공발포료4차람색예경（접촉역수）화1차등색예경（초서양성），발포예경지도1폭，기중현시유5개위포어점、1개위양산방점；계동응급향응궤제1차；완성고위배경약물멸라10 hm2；대120지산방양실시집중권양처리；대35명포어인원발방선전재료병개전사병화예방성치료등조시。초서양성구역내미발생혈흡충급성감염。결론초서감염감측、인축활동관찰、예경신식발포화풍험수역응급처치등기술적집성시범위개전대류역혈흡충병감측예경제공료유효방법。
Objective To explore and integrate the key techniques used in the surveillance and forecast of schistosomiasis in the water regions along the Yangtze River,so as to provide technical support for identifying rapidly the risk of schistosomiasis transmission and implementing control measures targeting the risk. Methods According to the distribution of water systems and water regions along the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province,the demonstration sites for surveillance and forecast of schistoso? miasis were set across the province,where the integration and demonstration of the techniques regarding monitoring of Schistoso?ma japonicum infection in sentinel mice,human and animal activities,release of forecast information,and emergency treat?ment of water regions at risk of infection were performed. The pattern of human and animal activities was compared with the S. ja?ponicum infection in sentinel mice in the demonstration sites,and the operability of the release of information and emergency treatment of the risk of S. japonicum infection was evaluated. Results A total of 50 demonstration sites for surveillance and forecast of schistosomiasis were set in fixed anchor points,opening of the navigation lock to the Yangtze River,freight terminal, agritainment places,ferry,large construction places,and places for guaranteeing the Youth Olympic Games in 23 counties(dis?tricts)of 5 cities,Jiangsu Province. During the period between May and September,2014,the infectivity of water body was monitored by using 5 batches of sentinel mice,with a 99.06%(4 954/5 001)gross recovery rate of mice. S. japonicum infection was detected in a demonstration site,and an infected mouse was found,with a 0.02%(1/4 933)gross positive rate of sentinel mice. The field survey showed 2 088 person?times contacting water,including 91.95%(1 920/2 088)contacting water due to the production such as capturing fish,harvesting and cultivating crops,and repairing and building boats,and 8.05%(168/2 088)contacting water due to the life activity,such as fishing,washing vegetables and playing with water. The people contacted water predominantly in August and September(49.57%). A total of 859 boats containing 1 877 boatmen were observed,68.22%(586/859)of which were fishing boats containing 1 306 fishermen(69.58%). There were 32 sheep found in 4 demonstration sites,and 3 sheep were seen in the demonstration site with infected sentinel mouse. Four blue forecasts(emergence of water con?tact)and one orange forecast(S. japonicum?infected sentinel mouse detected)were released across the province,with one fore?cast map released which showed 5 sites with fishing and one site with sheep grazing,one emergency response system initiated, mollusciciding implemented in 10 hm2 high?risk regions,120 sheep grazed in fence,and 35 fishermen given health?education materials,schistosomiasis examination and preventive therapy. In addition,no acute schistosomiasis occurred in the demonstra?tion site with S. japonicum?infected sentinel mice. Conclusions The integration and demonstration of the techniques regarding monitoring of S. japonicum infection in sentinel mice,human and animal activities,release of forecast information,and emer?gency treatment of water regions at risk of infection provides an effective approach for the large?scale surveillance and forecast of schistosomiasis.
