北京大学学报（医学版）
北京大學學報（醫學版）
북경대학학보（의학판）
JOURNAL OF BEIJING MEDICAL UNIVERSITY(HEALTH SCIENCES)
2015年
3期
499-503
,共5页
董菲%姚贝%王晶%景红梅%克晓燕
董菲%姚貝%王晶%景紅梅%剋曉燕
동비%요패%왕정%경홍매%극효연
血液病%交叉感染%抗药性,微生物
血液病%交扠感染%抗藥性,微生物
혈액병%교차감염%항약성,미생물
Hematologic diseases%Cross infection%Drug resistance,microbial
目的：：分析血液科住院患者细菌感染的特点，为临床治疗提供病原学依据。方法：回顾性分析2011年1月至2013年12月北京大学第三医院血液科院内感染患者的细菌菌种及其耐药性，送检标本来源为血、中段尿、咽拭子、痰等。结果：共培养菌株168株，来自痰标本最多，为72株(42.9%)，其中革兰阴性菌114株(67.9%)，革兰阳性菌54株(32.1%)，主要致病菌为铜绿假单胞菌(20.8%)、大肠埃希菌(18.5%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(17.9%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(9.5%)、表皮葡萄球菌(5.9%)，其他细菌占27.4%；革兰阴性菌对头孢吡肟、丁胺卡那及碳青霉烯类药物耐药率低，革兰阳性菌对万古霉素及利奈唑胺保持极低耐药率。结论：血液病患者是院内感染的高发人群，革兰阴性菌依然为主要致病菌，密切关注病原学特点才能进行有效的经验性抗感染治疗及控制耐药率。
目的：：分析血液科住院患者細菌感染的特點，為臨床治療提供病原學依據。方法：迴顧性分析2011年1月至2013年12月北京大學第三醫院血液科院內感染患者的細菌菌種及其耐藥性，送檢標本來源為血、中段尿、嚥拭子、痰等。結果：共培養菌株168株，來自痰標本最多，為72株(42.9%)，其中革蘭陰性菌114株(67.9%)，革蘭暘性菌54株(32.1%)，主要緻病菌為銅綠假單胞菌(20.8%)、大腸埃希菌(18.5%)、金黃色葡萄毬菌(17.9%)、肺炎剋雷伯菌(9.5%)、錶皮葡萄毬菌(5.9%)，其他細菌佔27.4%；革蘭陰性菌對頭孢吡肟、丁胺卡那及碳青黴烯類藥物耐藥率低，革蘭暘性菌對萬古黴素及利奈唑胺保持極低耐藥率。結論：血液病患者是院內感染的高髮人群，革蘭陰性菌依然為主要緻病菌，密切關註病原學特點纔能進行有效的經驗性抗感染治療及控製耐藥率。
목적：：분석혈액과주원환자세균감염적특점，위림상치료제공병원학의거。방법：회고성분석2011년1월지2013년12월북경대학제삼의원혈액과원내감염환자적세균균충급기내약성，송검표본래원위혈、중단뇨、인식자、담등。결과：공배양균주168주，래자담표본최다，위72주(42.9%)，기중혁란음성균114주(67.9%)，혁란양성균54주(32.1%)，주요치병균위동록가단포균(20.8%)、대장애희균(18.5%)、금황색포도구균(17.9%)、폐염극뢰백균(9.5%)、표피포도구균(5.9%)，기타세균점27.4%；혁란음성균대두포필우、정알잡나급탄청매희류약물내약솔저，혁란양성균대만고매소급리내서알보지겁저내약솔。결론：혈액병환자시원내감염적고발인군，혁란음성균의연위주요치병균，밀절관주병원학특점재능진행유효적경험성항감염치료급공제내약솔。
Objective:To analyze the characteristics of hospital infection of hematological disease, so as to provide reference for clinical therapy. Methods: Bacterial strains and antimicrobial resistance of pa-tients with hospital infection in Department of Hematology, Peking University Third Hospital from Jan. 2011 to Dec. 2013 were identified and analyzed retrospectively. The specimens were from their blood, urine, sputum, throat swabs and etc. Results:Among the total of 168 isolates of bacteria,the majority of the bacteria strains were from sputum (42. 9%);114(67. 9%) bacteria strains were gram negative and 54(32. 1%) bacteria strains were gram positive;the pathogen testing showed that 20. 8% were Pseudo-monas aeruginosa,18. 5% Escherichia coli,17. 9% Staphylococcus aureus, 9. 5% Klebsiellar pneumonia, 5. 9% Staphylococcus epidermis and 27. 4% other bacteria ;The gram negative bacilli to cefepime, ami-kacin and carbapenems showed the lowest antimicrobial resistance rates, and S. aureus showed the lowest antimicrobial resistance rates to vancomycin and linezolid. Conclusion:Patients with hemopathy are the main population of hospital infections, the gram negative bacteria are the most common pathogens. It is very important to promptly know the change in distribution of the pathogens in order to rationally select antibiotics and reduce the incidence of bacterial infections.
