CAJ | 학술논문

[目的]对云南省与缅甸、越南、老挝交界的部分边境地区的跨境重点人群感染艾滋病病毒的脆弱性进行现状评估，为构建跨境双边合作的一体化综合服务体系提供决策依据。[方法]综合采用现有资料回顾、焦点问题小组讨论、个别深入访谈、现场非参与性观察的方法进行。[结果]云南省边境地区跨境重点人群感染艾滋病病毒报告数呈逐年上升趋势，具有流动性大和隐蔽性强的特征，人群规模估计困难；存在共用针具注射吸毒、多性伴、新型毒品滥用等多种感染艾滋病和家庭内传播的风险性因素；受政策限制、尚未建立有效的双边合作工作机制以及缺乏长期稳定的资源投入等因素的影响，普遍存在服务资源匮乏、利用不足、效果不明显的问题，从而加剧了艾滋病传播的风险。[结论]跨境重点人群对云南省艾滋病疫情的影响不断凸显，且具有感染艾滋病的多重危险因素，是感染、跨境和家庭内传播艾滋病病毒的脆弱人群和重点人群，这类人群的艾滋病防控工作需要动员跨境双边政府和非政府机构的资源，逐步形成跨境重点人群监测—预防—干预—随访管理与关怀的一体化服务体系。
[목적]대운남성여면전、월남、로과교계적부분변경지구적과경중점인군감염애자병병독적취약성진행현상평고，위구건과경쌍변합작적일체화종합복무체계제공결책의거。[방법]종합채용현유자료회고、초점문제소조토론、개별심입방담、현장비삼여성관찰적방법진행。[결과]운남성변경지구과경중점인군감염애자병병독보고수정축년상승추세，구유류동성대화은폐성강적특정，인군규모고계곤난；존재공용침구주사흡독、다성반、신형독품람용등다충감염애자병화가정내전파적풍험성인소；수정책한제、상미건립유효적쌍변합작공작궤제이급결핍장기은정적자원투입등인소적영향，보편존재복무자원궤핍、이용불족、효과불명현적문제，종이가극료애자병전파적풍험。[결론]과경중점인군대운남성애자병역정적영향불단철현，차구유감염애자병적다중위험인소，시감염、과경화가정내전파애자병병독적취약인군화중점인군，저류인군적애자병방공공작수요동원과경쌍변정부화비정부궤구적자원，축보형성과경중점인군감측—예방—간예—수방관리여관부적일체화복무체계。
Objective This paper evaluate HIV vulnerability current situation of cross-border key populations along Burma, Vietnan and Laos, so as to provide decision basis for establishment of cross-border cooperation comprehensive integrated service system. Methods Reviewed available data, group discussions on focus issues, individual in-depth interviews and non-participatory site observations are combined. Results The reported HIV-affected people among the said groups increased year by year in Yunnan province, characterized by high mobility and strong concealment. It was also very hard to evaluate the scale of the groups. There were various risk factors leading to HIV infection and HIV spreading in families, such as sharing injection needles, multiple sex partners and new drug abuse. For the reasons of policy restrictions, absence of long-term and stable resource investment and no effective bilateral working mechanisms, service resources were commonly insufficient and under utilized and did not produce obvious effects, which exacerbated the spreading risk of HIV. Conclusions Such groups have increasingly obvious impacts on the AIDS epidemic in Yunnan and suffer from multiple risk factors of HIV infection, and thus become the key vulnerable groups of HIV infection, cross-border HIV spreading and HIV spreading in families. For HIV prevention and control of these groups, resources of concerned governments and non-government agencies must be utilized to gradually establish a service system integrating monitoring, prevention, intervention, follow-up management and care for the groups.