干旱地区农业研究
榦旱地區農業研究
간한지구농업연구
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH IN THE ARID AREAS
2015年
3期
177-183
,共7页
旱地小麦%高效施肥%全膜覆土%穴播%施肥机理
旱地小麥%高效施肥%全膜覆土%穴播%施肥機理
한지소맥%고효시비%전막복토%혈파%시비궤리
dry-land wheat%highly efficient fertilizer utilization%whole film mulching overlying soil%bunch plant-ing%fertilizer mechanism
采用多点田间小区试验研究了不同旱作区小麦全膜覆土穴播技术的高效施肥机理。结果得出,随年降雨量由350→600 mm增加,全膜覆土穴播小麦氮、磷、钾最佳施肥量分别由N 103.2 kg · hm-2→181.3 kg · hm-2、P2O570.3 kg·hm-2→134.1 kg·hm-2、K2O 32.4 kg·hm-2→73.0 kg·hm-2显著增加;最高施肥量分别由N 113.2 kg· hm-2→214.4 kg·hm-2、P2O576.1 kg·hm-2→153.0 kg·hm-2、K2O 40.1 kg·hm-2→88.0 kg·hm-2显著增加。全膜覆土穴播小麦氮、磷、钾肥料利用率和利用效率随降雨量增加而明显提高。表现在:随降雨量由350→600 mm增加,全膜覆土穴播小麦平均氮、磷、钾肥利用率分别由26.4%、17.0%、20.2%增加到32.8%、22.6%、26.8%,氮、磷、钾肥料利用效率平均分别由8.8、17.2、7.0 kg·kg-1增加到10.9、22.9、9.3 kg·kg-1。结果还得出,全膜覆土穴播小麦氮、磷、钾肥料利用率和利用效率随施肥水平提高而明显降低。表现在:随施肥量增加,全膜覆土穴播小麦平均氮、磷、钾肥料利用率分别由37.1%、25.6%、31.4%降低到17.8%、13.2%、11.8%;平均氮、磷、钾肥料利用效率分别由12.4、25.9、10.7kg·kg-1降低到5.9、13.4、4.1 kg·kg-1。在旱地全膜覆土穴播小麦肥料高效利用机理方面取得明显研究进展。
採用多點田間小區試驗研究瞭不同旱作區小麥全膜覆土穴播技術的高效施肥機理。結果得齣,隨年降雨量由350→600 mm增加,全膜覆土穴播小麥氮、燐、鉀最佳施肥量分彆由N 103.2 kg · hm-2→181.3 kg · hm-2、P2O570.3 kg·hm-2→134.1 kg·hm-2、K2O 32.4 kg·hm-2→73.0 kg·hm-2顯著增加;最高施肥量分彆由N 113.2 kg· hm-2→214.4 kg·hm-2、P2O576.1 kg·hm-2→153.0 kg·hm-2、K2O 40.1 kg·hm-2→88.0 kg·hm-2顯著增加。全膜覆土穴播小麥氮、燐、鉀肥料利用率和利用效率隨降雨量增加而明顯提高。錶現在:隨降雨量由350→600 mm增加,全膜覆土穴播小麥平均氮、燐、鉀肥利用率分彆由26.4%、17.0%、20.2%增加到32.8%、22.6%、26.8%,氮、燐、鉀肥料利用效率平均分彆由8.8、17.2、7.0 kg·kg-1增加到10.9、22.9、9.3 kg·kg-1。結果還得齣,全膜覆土穴播小麥氮、燐、鉀肥料利用率和利用效率隨施肥水平提高而明顯降低。錶現在:隨施肥量增加,全膜覆土穴播小麥平均氮、燐、鉀肥料利用率分彆由37.1%、25.6%、31.4%降低到17.8%、13.2%、11.8%;平均氮、燐、鉀肥料利用效率分彆由12.4、25.9、10.7kg·kg-1降低到5.9、13.4、4.1 kg·kg-1。在旱地全膜覆土穴播小麥肥料高效利用機理方麵取得明顯研究進展。
채용다점전간소구시험연구료불동한작구소맥전막복토혈파기술적고효시비궤리。결과득출,수년강우량유350→600 mm증가,전막복토혈파소맥담、린、갑최가시비량분별유N 103.2 kg · hm-2→181.3 kg · hm-2、P2O570.3 kg·hm-2→134.1 kg·hm-2、K2O 32.4 kg·hm-2→73.0 kg·hm-2현저증가;최고시비량분별유N 113.2 kg· hm-2→214.4 kg·hm-2、P2O576.1 kg·hm-2→153.0 kg·hm-2、K2O 40.1 kg·hm-2→88.0 kg·hm-2현저증가。전막복토혈파소맥담、린、갑비료이용솔화이용효솔수강우량증가이명현제고。표현재:수강우량유350→600 mm증가,전막복토혈파소맥평균담、린、갑비이용솔분별유26.4%、17.0%、20.2%증가도32.8%、22.6%、26.8%,담、린、갑비료이용효솔평균분별유8.8、17.2、7.0 kg·kg-1증가도10.9、22.9、9.3 kg·kg-1。결과환득출,전막복토혈파소맥담、린、갑비료이용솔화이용효솔수시비수평제고이명현강저。표현재:수시비량증가,전막복토혈파소맥평균담、린、갑비료이용솔분별유37.1%、25.6%、31.4%강저도17.8%、13.2%、11.8%;평균담、린、갑비료이용효솔분별유12.4、25.9、10.7kg·kg-1강저도5.9、13.4、4.1 kg·kg-1。재한지전막복토혈파소맥비료고효이용궤리방면취득명현연구진전。
Field plot experiments were employed to investigate fertilization mechanisms with the technique of whole plastic-film mulching overlying soil and bunch planting (WFM ) on dry-land wheat .The results showed that with annual rainfall became increased from 350 mm to 600 mm ,the N ,P ,and K optimal fertilizing amounts of WFM were increased from 103 .2 to 181 .3 kg·hm-2 (N) ,70 .3 to 134 .1 kg·hm-2 (P2O5 ) and 32 .4 to 73 .0 kg·hm-2 (K2O) ,respectively . The N ,P ,and K maximal fertilizing amounts of WFM were increased from 113 .2 to 214 .4 kg·hm-2 (N) ,76 .1 to 153 .0 kg·hm-2 (P2O5 ) and 40 .1 to 88 .0 kg·hm-2 (K2O) ,respectively .The fertilizer use rates and efficiencies of WFM were improved significantly with the increased rainfall ,which led the average N ,P ,and K fertilizer use rates ele-vated from 26 .4% ,17 .0% ,and 20 .2% to 32 .8% ,22 .6% and 26 .8% ,respectively ,and the average N ,P ,and K fertilizer use efficiencies escalated from 8 .8 kg·kg-1 ,17 .2 kg·kg -1 ,and 7 .0 kg·kg-1 to 10 .9 kg·kg-1 ,22 .9 kg· kg-1 and 9 .3 kg·kg-1 ,respectively .The results showed that the fertilizer use rates and use efficiencies of WFM became decreased remarkably with the increased fertilization levels , which led the average N , P , and K fertilizer use rates dropped from 37 .1% ,25 .6% and 31 .1% to 18 .8% ,13 .2% and 11 .8% ,respectively ,and the average N ,P ,and K fertilizer use efficiencies lessened from 12 .4 kg·kg-1 ,25 .9 kg·kg-1 and 10 .7 kg·kg-1 to 5 .9 kg·kg-1 ,13 .4 kg· kg-1 and 4 .1 kg·kg-1 ,respectively .Therefore ,apparent research progress was achieved by this research for mecha-nismstic study of highly efficient fertilizer utilization in dry land with WFM for wheat .