干旱地区农业研究
榦旱地區農業研究
간한지구농업연구
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH IN THE ARID AREAS
2015年
3期
47-54
,共8页
陈心想%何绪生%耿增超%尚杰%赵军%刘春言%王亚萍%殷笑寒
陳心想%何緒生%耿增超%尚傑%趙軍%劉春言%王亞萍%慇笑寒
진심상%하서생%경증초%상걸%조군%류춘언%왕아평%은소한
生物炭%土壤生物活性%土壤肥力%土壤容重%通径分析%主成分分析
生物炭%土壤生物活性%土壤肥力%土壤容重%通徑分析%主成分分析
생물탄%토양생물활성%토양비력%토양용중%통경분석%주성분분석
biochar%soil biological activities%soil fertility%soil bulk density%Principal Components Analysis%Path Analysis
分析了生物炭不同用量条件下土生物活性与土壤主要肥力指标之间的关系。相关分析表明，除蔗糖酶活性和微生物量碳外，土壤其它生物活性指标与土壤容重间呈显著负相关。土壤脲酶和过氧化氢酶活性、微生物量氮和三大类微生物与土壤主要肥力指标间呈显著或极显著正相关。除蔗糖酶外，酶活性与三类微生物数量间显著相关，但蔗糖酶、土壤脲酶、碱性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶的活性间并不完全显著相关。通径分析表明，脲酶和微生物量氮对土壤肥力影响以直接作用为主，而过氧化氢酶则以间接作用为主。主成分分析结果表明，可以用微生物因子、酶活性因子和速效磷因子进行综合描述土壤肥力特征。其中，各处理综合得分在玉米季大于小麦季，且随生物炭用量的增加而增加，表明高用量生物炭对土壤肥力的提高作用明显。
分析瞭生物炭不同用量條件下土生物活性與土壤主要肥力指標之間的關繫。相關分析錶明，除蔗糖酶活性和微生物量碳外，土壤其它生物活性指標與土壤容重間呈顯著負相關。土壤脲酶和過氧化氫酶活性、微生物量氮和三大類微生物與土壤主要肥力指標間呈顯著或極顯著正相關。除蔗糖酶外，酶活性與三類微生物數量間顯著相關，但蔗糖酶、土壤脲酶、堿性燐痠酶、過氧化氫酶的活性間併不完全顯著相關。通徑分析錶明，脲酶和微生物量氮對土壤肥力影響以直接作用為主，而過氧化氫酶則以間接作用為主。主成分分析結果錶明，可以用微生物因子、酶活性因子和速效燐因子進行綜閤描述土壤肥力特徵。其中，各處理綜閤得分在玉米季大于小麥季，且隨生物炭用量的增加而增加，錶明高用量生物炭對土壤肥力的提高作用明顯。
분석료생물탄불동용량조건하토생물활성여토양주요비력지표지간적관계。상관분석표명，제자당매활성화미생물량탄외，토양기타생물활성지표여토양용중간정현저부상관。토양뇨매화과양화경매활성、미생물량담화삼대류미생물여토양주요비력지표간정현저혹겁현저정상관。제자당매외，매활성여삼류미생물수량간현저상관，단자당매、토양뇨매、감성린산매、과양화경매적활성간병불완전현저상관。통경분석표명，뇨매화미생물량담대토양비력영향이직접작용위주，이과양화경매칙이간접작용위주。주성분분석결과표명，가이용미생물인자、매활성인자화속효린인자진행종합묘술토양비력특정。기중，각처리종합득분재옥미계대우소맥계，차수생물탄용량적증가이증가，표명고용량생물탄대토양비력적제고작용명현。
The correlation between soil biological activities and soil fertility was studied after different amounts of biochar were applied .The correlation analysis results showed that soil biological activities ,not including invertase activity and oil microbial biomass carbon ,were negatively correlated with soil bulk density .There were significant correlations between soil urease and catalase activity ,soil microbial biomass nitrogen ,the quantities of microbes and soil chemical and physical factors .Except for invertase activity ,the soil enzyme activities showed a positive correlation with the quanti-ties of microbes . But the relationships between four soil enzyme activities were not totally significant . Path analysis showed that the soil urease and microbial biomass nitrogen played a predominantly direct role in soil fertility ,while the catalase activity mainly provided an indirect contribution . According to the results of Principal Components Analysis (PCA) ,soil fertility could be described by microbe factor ,enzyme activities factor ,and available phosphorus factor . Soils after maize harvest had higher comprehensive score than those after wheat harvest .The comprehensive score of dif-ferent treatments was escalated with the increase of biochar application rate ,which indicated that high rate of biochar would have a more significant effect on improving soil fertility .
