CAJ | 학술논문

本研究利用多花黑麦草 Musashi 品种，研究孕穗期和开花期饲草在不同凋萎时间的饲用品质动态及青贮品质动态，旨在选择出适宜不同生育期多花黑麦草凋萎青贮的时间。实验设置了对照、凋萎1，2，3，4和5 h 共6个处理，分别测定了原料的饲用品质相关性状和青贮料的发酵品质性状。结果表明，原料的非结构碳水化合物（NSC）含量随着凋萎时间的延长持续下降，但可溶性碳水化合物（WSC）则呈不同的变化趋势：孕穗期多花黑麦草在凋萎过程中的 WSC 呈不同程度的上升，在凋萎1 h 时含量达到最高，为10．62％，之后小幅下降，但始终高于对照（P ＜0．05）；开花期多花黑麦草在凋萎过程中的 WSC 则呈先上升后下降的趋势，在凋萎3 h 时含量达到最高，为14．46％，之后下降。孕穗期多花黑麦草不同凋萎时间的青贮发酵品质性状中，pH 在凋萎3 h 时最低，为4．05，随后小幅上升；氨态氮（NH3-N）含量随着凋萎时间的延长持续下降；乳酸（LA）含量先升后降，凋萎3 h 时含量最高，达8．49％。开花期多花黑麦草不同凋萎时间的青贮发酵品质中，pH 随着凋萎时间的延长持续上升；NH3-N 含量随着凋萎时间的延长呈先下降后回升的趋势，凋萎2 h 处理的含量最低，为2．03 mg／g；LA 含量持续下降，但凋萎3 h 以后 LA 含量大幅降低，仅为4．56％，凋萎5 h 时 LA 含量则大幅降至1．38％。适宜的凋萎处理时间，应该是原料中的 WSC 含量较高，干物质含量适宜；青贮料具有较低的 pH、NH3-N 含量和较高的 LA 含量。综合孕穗期多花黑麦草在不同凋萎时间的青贮品质变化趋势，以凋萎3 h 为佳，凋萎3 h 时原料的干物质含量升至26．59％。开花期则以凋萎2 h 处理最佳，凋萎2 h 时原料的干物质含量升至28．03％。
본연구이용다화흑맥초 Musashi 품충，연구잉수기화개화기사초재불동조위시간적사용품질동태급청저품질동태，지재선택출괄의불동생육기다화흑맥초조위청저적시간。실험설치료대조、조위1，2，3，4화5 h 공6개처리，분별측정료원료적사용품질상관성상화청저료적발효품질성상。결과표명，원료적비결구탄수화합물（NSC）함량수착조위시간적연장지속하강，단가용성탄수화합물（WSC）칙정불동적변화추세：잉수기다화흑맥초재조위과정중적 WSC 정불동정도적상승，재조위1 h 시함량체도최고，위10．62％，지후소폭하강，단시종고우대조（P ＜0．05）；개화기다화흑맥초재조위과정중적 WSC 칙정선상승후하강적추세，재조위3 h 시함량체도최고，위14．46％，지후하강。잉수기다화흑맥초불동조위시간적청저발효품질성상중，pH 재조위3 h 시최저，위4．05，수후소폭상승；안태담（NH3-N）함량수착조위시간적연장지속하강；유산（LA）함량선승후강，조위3 h 시함량최고，체8．49％。개화기다화흑맥초불동조위시간적청저발효품질중，pH 수착조위시간적연장지속상승；NH3-N 함량수착조위시간적연장정선하강후회승적추세，조위2 h 처리적함량최저，위2．03 mg／g；LA 함량지속하강，단조위3 h 이후 LA 함량대폭강저，부위4．56％，조위5 h 시 LA 함량칙대폭강지1．38％。괄의적조위처리시간，응해시원료중적 WSC 함량교고，간물질함량괄의；청저료구유교저적 pH、NH3-N 함량화교고적 LA 함량。종합잉수기다화흑맥초재불동조위시간적청저품질변화추세，이조위3 h 위가，조위3 h 시원료적간물질함량승지26．59％。개화기칙이조위2 h 처리최가，조위2 h 시원료적간물질함량승지28．03％。
The objective of this study was to investigate the feeding and fermentation quality of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum )cut at different growth stages and wilted for various lengths of time,so as to formulate scientifically based guidelines for optimal wilting time when making silage.One Italian ryegrass variety,Mu-sashi,was used in this study,and there were six wilting treatments (0,1,2,3,4,5 h)at booting and flower-ing stages,with the feeding quality and fermentation quality analyzed.The nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) content decreased with time during wilting,but water soluble carbohydrate (WSC)which was the main compo-nent of NSC,showed an intital increase in WSC during the first hour of wilting to a high of 10.62% after 1 h, then declined,when cut at booting stage.When cut at flowering stage the WSC content during the wilting peri-od increased to a high of 14.46% after 3 h and then decreased.Fermentation-related data for cutting at booting stage were:pH reached its lowest point,4.05,after 3 h and then increased;the NH 3-N content decreased with increased wilting time;the lactic acid (LA)content initially increased and then decreased,with a high point of 8.49% after 3 h.Corresponding values for cutting at flowering stage were:the pH value increased with wilting time;NH 3-N content initially increased to a high of 2.03 mg/g after 2 h wilting;the LA content decreased slowly at first to 4.56% after 3 h wilting,and then sharply decreased to 1.38% after 5 h wilting.Considering that the ideal for silage making is higher WSC and LA content and lower pH and NH 3-N content,based on these data the optimal wilting time for Italian ryegrass at booting stage would be 3 h,while at flowering stage it would be 2 h.