CAJ | 학술논문

基于迈克尔逊干涉仪能够测量微小长度变化量的原理，自行改装并设计出利用等光程法实现对固体材料线膨胀系数精确测量的装置。基本思路是将原迈克尔逊干涉仪上的两个反射镜都改装成动镜，并将改装后的一动镜放在新增的导轨上，然后将其和待测金属棒的一端相连接，当金属棒受热后会产生细微的伸长，进而顶着动镜产生细微的移动，通过调节并观测受热前后屏上干涉条纹“缩进”和“涌出”的分界点来确定金属棒产生的微小形变量，然后根据公式计算出待测金属棒的线膨胀系数。该测量方法克服了传统数条纹方式的缺陷，可实现对金属棒线膨胀系数的精确测量，具有操作简便，实用性强的优点。
기우매극이손간섭의능구측량미소장도변화량적원리，자행개장병설계출이용등광정법실현대고체재료선팽창계수정학측량적장치。기본사로시장원매극이손간섭의상적량개반사경도개장성동경，병장개장후적일동경방재신증적도궤상，연후장기화대측금속봉적일단상련접，당금속봉수열후회산생세미적신장，진이정착동경산생세미적이동，통과조절병관측수열전후병상간섭조문“축진”화“용출”적분계점래학정금속봉산생적미소형변량，연후근거공식계산출대측금속봉적선팽창계수。해측량방법극복료전통수조문방식적결함，가실현대금속봉선팽창계수적정학측량，구유조작간편，실용성강적우점。
Based on the principle that the Michelson interferometer can be used to measure the slight variation in length, a device for accurate measurement of thermal expansion coefficient of solid material line by using the method of equal optical path is revised and designed. The basic idea is that two pieces of mirror on original Michel?son interferometer are converted into moving mirror, are put on the new added rail, and are connected with one end of the tested metal rod. When the metal rod is heated, it will lengthen slightly, which drives the moving mirror to pro?duce a slight movement. By adjusting and observing the demarcation point of the interference fringes ’“indenta?tion”and“emission”on the observation screen before and after heating, the micro change of the shape of the metal rod can be determined. And then, the coefficient of linear thermal expansion of the tested metal rod is calculated ac?cording to the formula. The method overcomes the defects of traditional fringe method, and can realize the accurate measurement of the coefficient of linear thermal expansion of the metal rods. This method has the advantages of sim?ple in operation and practical.