CAJ | 학술논문

目的测定中国部分地区产妇不同阶段母乳中糖巨肽(GMP)含量并分析其差异,为进一步优化配方奶成分提供依据.方法选取广州、上海、靖江三地的产妇共计594例,按地区,孕龄(早产、足月产),产后日龄(初乳、过渡乳、成熟乳)将样本分为18个组,每位产妇收集前段母乳5 mL,然后通过凝乳酶酶解等步骤处理样品,检测其中唾液酸含量,以唾液酸的含量来表示样品中GMP含量.结果凝乳酶处理样本的最佳条件为:酶质量浓度为0.25 g/L,酶解时间为120 min.初乳(195例)、过渡乳(185例)和成熟乳(214例)的唾液酸含量分别为(1 531.53 ±256.72)mg/L、(1 423.15±198.33) mg/L、(1 153.04 ±210.19)mg/L,3组比较差异有统计学意义(F=157.010,P＜0.05).早产成熟乳唾液酸含量[(1 208.78 ±214.66) mg/L]与足月成熟乳唾液酸含量[(1 112.59±198.10) mg/L]比较差异有统计学意义(t=3.385,P＜0.05).三地区比较:靖江地区的足月成熟乳GMP含量高于广州(P＜0.05)和上海(P＜0.05),后二者间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论随着初乳向成熟乳的过渡,母乳中的GMP含量呈下降趋势,初乳中GMP含量最高;早产成熟乳GMP含量高于足月成熟乳,有利于早产儿的后期喂养;地区因素对母乳GMP含量的影响较小.
목적 측정중국부분지구산부불동계단모유중당거태(GMP)함량병분석기차이,위진일보우화배방내성분제공의거.방법 선취엄주、상해、정강삼지적산부공계594례,안지구,잉령(조산、족월산),산후일령(초유、과도유、성숙유)장양본분위18개조,매위산부수집전단모유5 mL,연후통과응유매매해등보취처리양품,검측기중타액산함량,이타액산적함량래표시양품중GMP함량.결과 응유매처리양본적최가조건위:매질량농도위0.25 g/L,매해시간위120 min.초유(195례)、과도유(185례)화성숙유(214례)적타액산함량분별위(1 531.53 ±256.72)mg/L、(1 423.15±198.33) mg/L、(1 153.04 ±210.19)mg/L,3조비교차이유통계학의의(F=157.010,P＜0.05).조산성숙유타액산함량[(1 208.78 ±214.66) mg/L]여족월성숙유타액산함량[(1 112.59±198.10) mg/L]비교차이유통계학의의(t=3.385,P＜0.05).삼지구비교:정강지구적족월성숙유GMP함량고우엄주(P＜0.05)화상해(P＜0.05),후이자간차이무통계학의의(P＞0.05).결론 수착초유향성숙유적과도,모유중적GMP함량정하강추세,초유중GMP함량최고;조산성숙유GMP함량고우족월성숙유,유리우조산인적후기위양;지구인소대모유GMP함량적영향교소.
Objective To study the glycomacropeptide (GMP) content of human milk in different puerperal stages in parts of China,and to provide evidence to optimize the component of artificial formula.Methods Five hundred and ninety-four cases of puerperas from Guangzhou,Shanghai and Jingjiang regions were selected and divided into 18 groups by regions,gestational age (preterm,full term) and ages (colostrum,transitional milk and mature milk).Five mL front milk was collected from each puerpera.The human milk was processed by rennet enzyme and other steps,then sialic acid (SA) content was detected,and GMP content was represented by SA content.Results Best conditions for enzymolysis were:rennet concentration 0.25 g/L,hydrolysis time was 120 min.SA content in colostrums (195 cases),transitional milk (185 cases) and mature milk (214 cases) respectively was (1 531.53 ± 256.72) mg/L,(1 423.15 ± 198.33) mg/L and (1 153.04 ± 210.19) mg/L,there was significant difference among three groups (F =157.010,P ＜ 0.05).SA content of preterm mature milk [(1 208.78 ± 214.66) mg/L] was higher than full-term mature milk [(1 112.59 ± 198.10) mg/L],there was significant difference between two groups (t =3.385,P ＜ 0.05).Compared the same stage of human milk among three regions,SA content of term mature milk in Jingjiang was significantly higher than Guangzhou (P ＜ 0.05) and Shanghai (P ＜ 0.05);there was significant difference between Guangzhou and Shanghai (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Along with the transition from colostrum to mature milk,the GMP levels of breast mike declined.The highest GMP level was colostrum.GMP content of preterm mature milk was higher than full-term mature milk,it's beneficial to feed neonates of the late preterm.There is less impact on GMP content in different regions.