东北林业大学学报
東北林業大學學報
동북임업대학학보
JOURNAL OF NORTHEAST FORESTRY UNIVERSITY
2015年
6期
51-56
,共6页
王楠%李芳东%莫文娟%王炜炜%叶金山
王楠%李芳東%莫文娟%王煒煒%葉金山
왕남%리방동%막문연%왕위위%협금산
杂交泡桐%回交一代%光合参数日变化%光合生理%杂种优势
雜交泡桐%迴交一代%光閤參數日變化%光閤生理%雜種優勢
잡교포동%회교일대%광합삼수일변화%광합생리%잡충우세
Hybrid Paulownia%Backcrossed generation%Diurnal variation of photosynthetic pararneters%Photosyn-thetic characteristics%Heterosis
为了比较自然条件下杂交泡桐“毛白33”（TF33）和其回交一代（BC1（194）、BC1（192））的光合生理差异，采用Li－6400 XT光合测定系统，分别测定了其生长季内6—10月份的净光合速率（ Pn ）、气孔导度（ Gs ）、胞间CO2摩尔分数、蒸腾速率（ Tr ）等光合参数的日变化，以揭示参试无性系的光合能力与主要生理生态因子的关系。结果显示：（1）6月份TF33的净光合速率日变化为双峰曲线，而BC1（194）和BC1（192）的为单峰型曲线，7—10月份参试无性系均为双峰型曲线且存在明显的“午休”现象。（2）6月份时BC1（192）叶片的最大净光合速率（Pmax）和光饱和点（PLS）显著高于BC1（194）和TF33，其超亲优势率分别为36．23％和34．49％，平均净光合速率（Pa）超亲杂种优势率为2．90％，光补偿点（PLC）和暗呼吸速率（Rd ）差别不大。（3）7、8月份时， BC1（194）较TF33的光补偿点（PLC）和暗呼吸速率（Rd）有显著的负向优势。（4）10月份时BC1（194）和 BC1（192）的表观量子效率和最大净光合速率显著高于TF33，光补偿点和暗呼吸速率显著低于TF33，Pa 超亲杂种优势率分别为23．85％和5．52％。（5）除10月份TF33和BC1（194）的净光合速率与气孔导度相关不显著、BC1（192）的净光合速率与气孔导度呈极显著相关外，6—9月份净光合速率与气孔导度、蒸腾速率均呈极显著正相关（ p≤0．01），午间净光合速率的降低可能是由气孔因素引起的。研究表明，整个生长季杂交泡桐回交一代只在生长初期和末期有显著的光合速率优势，其可能存在光合时间上的优势。
為瞭比較自然條件下雜交泡桐“毛白33”（TF33）和其迴交一代（BC1（194）、BC1（192））的光閤生理差異，採用Li－6400 XT光閤測定繫統，分彆測定瞭其生長季內6—10月份的淨光閤速率（ Pn ）、氣孔導度（ Gs ）、胞間CO2摩爾分數、蒸騰速率（ Tr ）等光閤參數的日變化，以揭示參試無性繫的光閤能力與主要生理生態因子的關繫。結果顯示：（1）6月份TF33的淨光閤速率日變化為雙峰麯線，而BC1（194）和BC1（192）的為單峰型麯線，7—10月份參試無性繫均為雙峰型麯線且存在明顯的“午休”現象。（2）6月份時BC1（192）葉片的最大淨光閤速率（Pmax）和光飽和點（PLS）顯著高于BC1（194）和TF33，其超親優勢率分彆為36．23％和34．49％，平均淨光閤速率（Pa）超親雜種優勢率為2．90％，光補償點（PLC）和暗呼吸速率（Rd ）差彆不大。（3）7、8月份時， BC1（194）較TF33的光補償點（PLC）和暗呼吸速率（Rd）有顯著的負嚮優勢。（4）10月份時BC1（194）和 BC1（192）的錶觀量子效率和最大淨光閤速率顯著高于TF33，光補償點和暗呼吸速率顯著低于TF33，Pa 超親雜種優勢率分彆為23．85％和5．52％。（5）除10月份TF33和BC1（194）的淨光閤速率與氣孔導度相關不顯著、BC1（192）的淨光閤速率與氣孔導度呈極顯著相關外，6—9月份淨光閤速率與氣孔導度、蒸騰速率均呈極顯著正相關（ p≤0．01），午間淨光閤速率的降低可能是由氣孔因素引起的。研究錶明，整箇生長季雜交泡桐迴交一代隻在生長初期和末期有顯著的光閤速率優勢，其可能存在光閤時間上的優勢。
위료비교자연조건하잡교포동“모백33”（TF33）화기회교일대（BC1（194）、BC1（192））적광합생리차이，채용Li－6400 XT광합측정계통，분별측정료기생장계내6—10월빈적정광합속솔（ Pn ）、기공도도（ Gs ）、포간CO2마이분수、증등속솔（ Tr ）등광합삼수적일변화，이게시삼시무성계적광합능력여주요생리생태인자적관계。결과현시：（1）6월빈TF33적정광합속솔일변화위쌍봉곡선，이BC1（194）화BC1（192）적위단봉형곡선，7—10월빈삼시무성계균위쌍봉형곡선차존재명현적“오휴”현상。（2）6월빈시BC1（192）협편적최대정광합속솔（Pmax）화광포화점（PLS）현저고우BC1（194）화TF33，기초친우세솔분별위36．23％화34．49％，평균정광합속솔（Pa）초친잡충우세솔위2．90％，광보상점（PLC）화암호흡속솔（Rd ）차별불대。（3）7、8월빈시， BC1（194）교TF33적광보상점（PLC）화암호흡속솔（Rd）유현저적부향우세。（4）10월빈시BC1（194）화 BC1（192）적표관양자효솔화최대정광합속솔현저고우TF33，광보상점화암호흡속솔현저저우TF33，Pa 초친잡충우세솔분별위23．85％화5．52％。（5）제10월빈TF33화BC1（194）적정광합속솔여기공도도상관불현저、BC1（192）적정광합속솔여기공도도정겁현저상관외，6—9월빈정광합속솔여기공도도、증등속솔균정겁현저정상관（ p≤0．01），오간정광합속솔적강저가능시유기공인소인기적。연구표명，정개생장계잡교포동회교일대지재생장초기화말기유현저적광합속솔우세，기가능존재광합시간상적우세。
In order to compare photosynthetic physiological differences of P.tomentosa ( Thunb.) Steud ×P.fortunei ( Seem.) Hemsl 33 and its backcrossed generation and reveal the relationship between photosynthetic capacity of trial clones and the main physiological and ecological factors under natural conditions , we measured photosynthetic and eco-physiological char-acteristics using a portable Li-6400XT Photosynthesis System made by LI-COR company in United States on sunny days from June to October in growing season .The photosynthetic parameters included net photosynthetic rate ( Pn ) , stomatal conductance (GS), intercellular CO2 concentration, and transpiration rate (Tr).The diurnal change of net photosynthetic rate of all tested materials had bimodal pattern and a clear midday depression from July to October except BC 1(194) and BC(192) had unimodal type curve while TF 33 had bimodal curve in June .The light saturation point and maximum net photo-synthetic rate of BC1(192) were significantly higher than those of BC 1(194) and TF33 in June, the transgressive heterosis rates were 36.23%and 34.49%, respectively.The transgressive heterosis rate of BC1(192) on average net photosynthetic rate was 2.90%, but there was no significant differences on light compensation point and dark respiration rate in June .The light compensation point and dark respiration rate of BC 1(194) had prominent negative advantage than those of TF 33 in July and August.The apparent quantum efficiency and maximum net photosynthetic rate of BC 1(194) and BC1(192) were significantly higher than those of TF 33, but the light compensation point and dark respiration rate were significantly lower than those of TF33 in October.At that time the transgressive heterosis rate of BC 1(194) and BC1(192) on average net photosynthetic rate were 23.85%and 5.52%, respectively.Pn had significantly positive correlation with GS and Tr from June to September ex-cept Pn of BC1(194) and TF33 were not significantly associated with GS, Pn of BC1(192) significantly correlated to GS in Octo-ber ( p≤0.01) , and the reduction of Pn at noon might be caused by the stomatal factors .The backcross generation of hy-brid Paulownia had significnt transgressive photosynthetic rate advantage only at the beginning and at the end of growing season.The backcrossed generation had photosynthetic time advantage .
