CAJ | 학술논문

通过棉花长期连作定点微区试验，研究了秸秆还田条件下长期连作棉田土壤微生物量碳、氮、磷（SMBC、SMBN、SMBP）含量的变化规律，为衡量和评价秸秆还田对长期连作棉田土壤质量和肥力的影响提供科学的理论依据。研究结果表明：秸秆还田可以显著提高不同土层SMBC、SMBN、SMBP含量，且随着连作年限增加，SMBC、SMBN、SMBP含量逐渐升高；秸秆不还田条件下，随着连作年限增加SMBC、SMBN、SMBP含量下降，0~20 cm土层秸秆还田条件下连作5、10、15年SMBC比无秸秆还田条件下分别增加20.8%、67.2%、70.4%，SMBN比无秸秆还田条件下分别增加22.2%、81.2%、85.4%，SMBP比无秸秆还田条件下分别增加22.3%、81.2%、85.3%；秸秆还田条件下，0~20 cm土层连作30年棉田SMBC比连作5、10、15、20年和25年分别增加了116.6%、86.2%、101.6%、28.9%和7.99%；0~20 cm土层连作30年的SMBN含量比连作5、10、15、20年和25年的分别增加了114.1%、82.1%、99.65%、27.8%和7.15%；0~20 cm土层连作30年的SMBP含量比连作5、10、15、20年和25年的分别增加了65.7%、6.9%、34.2%、1.4%和2.22%。不同土层间微生物量差异表现为0~20 cm﹥20~40 cm﹥40~60 cm。秸秆还田可以显著提高连作棉田微生物量碳、氮、磷的含量，且可以缓解棉花连作的不利影响，有利于提高土壤质量和土壤肥力。
통과면화장기련작정점미구시험，연구료갈간환전조건하장기련작면전토양미생물량탄、담、린（SMBC、SMBN、SMBP）함량적변화규률，위형량화평개갈간환전대장기련작면전토양질량화비력적영향제공과학적이론의거。연구결과표명：갈간환전가이현저제고불동토층SMBC、SMBN、SMBP함량，차수착련작년한증가，SMBC、SMBN、SMBP함량축점승고；갈간불환전조건하，수착련작년한증가SMBC、SMBN、SMBP함량하강，0~20 cm토층갈간환전조건하련작5、10、15년SMBC비무갈간환전조건하분별증가20.8%、67.2%、70.4%，SMBN비무갈간환전조건하분별증가22.2%、81.2%、85.4%，SMBP비무갈간환전조건하분별증가22.3%、81.2%、85.3%；갈간환전조건하，0~20 cm토층련작30년면전SMBC비련작5、10、15、20년화25년분별증가료116.6%、86.2%、101.6%、28.9%화7.99%；0~20 cm토층련작30년적SMBN함량비련작5、10、15、20년화25년적분별증가료114.1%、82.1%、99.65%、27.8%화7.15%；0~20 cm토층련작30년적SMBP함량비련작5、10、15、20년화25년적분별증가료65.7%、6.9%、34.2%、1.4%화2.22%。불동토층간미생물량차이표현위0~20 cm﹥20~40 cm﹥40~60 cm。갈간환전가이현저제고련작면전미생물량탄、담、린적함량，차가이완해면화련작적불리영향，유리우제고토양질량화토양비력。
This study explored the effect of straw incorporation on the content of soil microbial biomass carbon(SMBC), microbial biomass nitrogen(SMBN)and microbial biomass phosphorus(SMBP)in the continuous cropping cotton field. Results showed that cotton straw incor-poration could increase the content of SMBC, SMBN and SMBP significantly in different soil layers. Besides, with the time of continuous crop-ping increasing, the content of SMBC, SMBN and SMBP were all remarkably raised in the straw incorporation treatment. However, with the time of continuous cropping increasing, the content of SMBC, SMBN and SMBP were all remarkably declined in the straw removal treatment. In 0~20 cm soil layer, compared with the straw removal, both SMBC content and SMBN content with 5, 10, 15 years continuous cropping treatments in the straw incorporation treatment were increased by 20.8%, 67.2%, 70.4%and 22.2%, 81.2%, 85.4%, respectively, and the SMBP content in the straw incorporation treatment was increased by 22.3%, 81.2%, 85.3%, respectively. Under the cotton straw incorpora-tion, in 0~20 cm soil layer, compared with the 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 years continuous cropping, both SMBC content and SMBN content in 30 years were increased by 116.6%, 86.2%, 101.6%, 28.9%, 8.99%and 114.1%, 82.1%, 99.65%, 27.8%, 7.15%, respectively, and the SMBP content in 30 years was increased by 65.7%, 6.9%, 34.2%, 1.4%, 2.2%, respectively. The content of SMBC, SMBN, SMBP in different soil layers de-creased in the order as 0~20 cm﹥20~40 cm﹥40~60 cm. Consequently, cotton straw incorporation could significantly increase the the content of soil microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass nitrogen and microbial biomass phosphorus in the long-term continuous cropping cotton field, besides it could alleviate the negative impact of cotton continuous cropping, so that it would be beneficial to improve the soil quality and soil fertility.