CAJ | 학술논문

系统调查了天然草原及旱作农田2种典型生境中少花蒺藜草种子库动态，并深入研究了施肥、灌溉、刈割及替代种植对少花蒺藜草种群繁衍扩张的影响。结果表明：从2种生境土壤种子库中共鉴定出12科24属25种植物；天然草原及旱作农田少花蒺藜草种子总储量分别达12923粒·m-2和8960粒·m-2，分别占整个种子库的67.72%及79.74%；天然草原生境中少花蒺藜草种子主要集中分布在土壤上表层（0~2 cm），占种子总量的45.71%，而旱作农田生境中，少花蒺藜草种子在土壤表层（0~2 cm）、中层（2~5 cm）、下层（5~10 cm）中分布差异不显著（P﹥0.05）。试验也表明，低施肥量能显著提高少花蒺藜草结实量（P＜0.05），而中、高水平施肥处理少花蒺藜草结实量反而降低；随着灌溉浇水量增加，少花蒺藜草结实量显著增加（P＜0.05），高水平浇水量结实量平均为2562.8粒·株-1；刈割能有效抑制少花蒺藜草种群种子繁殖，每周刈割1次，抑制少花蒺藜草结实率为97.69%；替代种植向日葵、菊芋能极显著抑制少花蒺藜草生长及结实量（P＜0.01）。
계통조사료천연초원급한작농전2충전형생경중소화질려초충자고동태，병심입연구료시비、관개、예할급체대충식대소화질려초충군번연확장적영향。결과표명：종2충생경토양충자고중공감정출12과24속25충식물；천연초원급한작농전소화질려초충자총저량분별체12923립·m-2화8960립·m-2，분별점정개충자고적67.72%급79.74%；천연초원생경중소화질려초충자주요집중분포재토양상표층（0~2 cm），점충자총량적45.71%，이한작농전생경중，소화질려초충자재토양표층（0~2 cm）、중층（2~5 cm）、하층（5~10 cm）중분포차이불현저（P﹥0.05）。시험야표명，저시비량능현저제고소화질려초결실량（P＜0.05），이중、고수평시비처리소화질려초결실량반이강저；수착관개요수량증가，소화질려초결실량현저증가（P＜0.05），고수평요수량결실량평균위2562.8립·주-1；예할능유효억제소화질려초충군충자번식，매주예할1차，억제소화질려초결실솔위97.69%；체대충식향일규、국우능겁현저억제소화질려초생장급결실량（P＜0.01）。
In the present study, the amount of Cenchrus pauciflorus Benth seeds in the soils of natural grassland and farmland was measured. The effects of fertilization, irrigation, plant-mowing and using replacement plant species on C. pauciflorus were analyzed. From seeds of pas-ture and dry farmland soils, a total number of 25 plant species were identified, which fell into 24 genera of 12 families. The number of seeds of C. pauciflorus per square meter reached 12 923 in natural pasture soils and 8 960 in dry farming soils, which was 67.72%and 79.74%of the total seeds, respectively, from the two types of soils. In dry natural pasture soils, the seeds of C. pauciflorus were mainly distributed on the top 0~2.0 cm layer, being 45.71%of the total seeds. In dry farmland soils, however, the numbers of C. pauciflorus seeds were not significantly different on the 0~2.0, 2.0~5.0 cm and 5.0~10.0 cm layers(P﹥0.05). Experiments showed that seed production increased significantly at the low-dosage of fertilizer application(P<0.05), but it was much lowered at the intermediate and high dosages of fertilizer treatment. The seed yield of C. pauciflorus was positively related to the amount of water application in irrigation and it was 2 562.8 seeds per plant. Plant-mowing suppressed seeds production of the weed and a reduction of 97.69%of seeds was observed by mowing the weed once a week. Planting sun-flower(Helianthus annus L.)or Jerusalem artichoke(Helianthus tuberosus L.)suppressed the growth and seed yield of C. pauciflorus plants significantly(P<0.01).