金属矿山
金屬礦山
금속광산
METAL MINE
2015年
6期
103-107
,共5页
约束条件%井下控制网%序贯平差%陀螺定向边%无限权
約束條件%井下控製網%序貫平差%陀螺定嚮邊%無限權
약속조건%정하공제망%서관평차%타라정향변%무한권
Constrained condition%Underground control network%Sequential adjustment%Gyro directional edge%Infinite weight
为了精确建立井下空间位置基准，针对井下控制网分期布设的特点，提出了一种附加约束条件的井下控制网变参数序贯平差模型。首先根据虚拟观测值法及最小二乘原理推导了井下控制网变参数序贯平差模型，并顾及井下陀螺定向边可作为坚强边的情况，利用无限权理论将约束条件转化为变参数序贯平差模型的观测方程，该模型不仅可以将陀螺边方向观测值作为限制条件处理，也可以作为普通观测值参与计算；然后，为了避免法方程病态，分析了定权系数的合理取值并通过工程实例对该模型的正确性进行了验证。结果表明：①当定权系数m=1时，陀螺边方位角的平差值与已知值之差最大达到5.1″，随着定权系数m的增大，其差值迅速减小；②当m=10时，其差值均小于0．1″；③当m=20时，陀螺边方位角的平差值与坐标平差值在有效位数范围内均与真值一致，方位角差值均小于0．01″，坐标差值均小于0．03 mm。所提出的平差模型具有思路简单、易于编程的特点，无需前期观测数据，适用于井下分期布设的控制网整体平差。
為瞭精確建立井下空間位置基準，針對井下控製網分期佈設的特點，提齣瞭一種附加約束條件的井下控製網變參數序貫平差模型。首先根據虛擬觀測值法及最小二乘原理推導瞭井下控製網變參數序貫平差模型，併顧及井下陀螺定嚮邊可作為堅彊邊的情況，利用無限權理論將約束條件轉化為變參數序貫平差模型的觀測方程，該模型不僅可以將陀螺邊方嚮觀測值作為限製條件處理，也可以作為普通觀測值參與計算；然後，為瞭避免法方程病態，分析瞭定權繫數的閤理取值併通過工程實例對該模型的正確性進行瞭驗證。結果錶明：①噹定權繫數m=1時，陀螺邊方位角的平差值與已知值之差最大達到5.1″，隨著定權繫數m的增大，其差值迅速減小；②噹m=10時，其差值均小于0．1″；③噹m=20時，陀螺邊方位角的平差值與坐標平差值在有效位數範圍內均與真值一緻，方位角差值均小于0．01″，坐標差值均小于0．03 mm。所提齣的平差模型具有思路簡單、易于編程的特點，無需前期觀測數據，適用于井下分期佈設的控製網整體平差。
위료정학건립정하공간위치기준，침대정하공제망분기포설적특점，제출료일충부가약속조건적정하공제망변삼수서관평차모형。수선근거허의관측치법급최소이승원리추도료정하공제망변삼수서관평차모형，병고급정하타라정향변가작위견강변적정황，이용무한권이론장약속조건전화위변삼수서관평차모형적관측방정，해모형불부가이장타라변방향관측치작위한제조건처리，야가이작위보통관측치삼여계산；연후，위료피면법방정병태，분석료정권계수적합리취치병통과공정실례대해모형적정학성진행료험증。결과표명：①당정권계수m=1시，타라변방위각적평차치여이지치지차최대체도5.1″，수착정권계수m적증대，기차치신속감소；②당m=10시，기차치균소우0．1″；③당m=20시，타라변방위각적평차치여좌표평차치재유효위수범위내균여진치일치，방위각차치균소우0．01″，좌표차치균소우0．03 mm。소제출적평차모형구유사로간단、역우편정적특점，무수전기관측수거，괄용우정하분기포설적공제망정체평차。
In order to establish the spatial position-reference accurately,and aiming at the characteristics of multi-period control network underground, the variable parameters sequential adjustment model of underground control network with con-strained condition is presented. Firstly,based on the virtual observation law and the least square method,the sequential adjust-ment model of underground control network is deduced. Considering the gyro direction edges as strong sides,the constrained conditions can be converted into the observation equation of the variable parameters sequential adjustment based on infinite weight theory. The new model can be used for processing gyro-side observation as constraint condition. Also,it can be employed to calculate the gyro-side observation as general observation values. Then,in order to avoid the ill-condition of normal equation, the reasonable values of weight coefficient are discussed. Besides that,the rationality of the model is verified by a project case. The results show that:①when the weight coefficient m=1,the maximum difference between adjusted value and true value of gyro azimuth is 5. 1″,with the increasing of weighting coefficient m, the difference decreases rapidly; ②when m=10,the difference is less than 0. 1″;③when m=20,the adjusted values of gyro-side azimuth and coordinates are consistent with the true value within the scope of effective number of bits,the azimuth difference is less than 0. 01″,and the coordinates of the difference is less than 0. 03 mm. The adjustment model proposed in this paper has the characteristics of simple idea,easy pro-gramming and no preliminary observation data needed,it is applicable to the integrated adjustment of the underground multi-pe-riod control network.
