CAJ | 학술논문

基于遗传修饰手段的昆虫不育技术( SIT)作为一类物种特异、环境友好、科学高效的新兴策略，在害虫防治中具有广阔的应用前景。释放携带显性致死基因昆虫的技术( RIDL)是改进传统SIT的重要手段之一，主要包括四环素调控系统、特异性启动子、性别特异剪接系统和特异性致死基因等重要元件，其中根据不同昆虫的特点选择合适的特异性致死基因对于构建遗传不育品系至关重要。这些致死基因或受到阻遏调控系统的控制、或特异的在雌虫中表达、亦或直接作用于X染色体，导致后代在特定发育阶段或特定性别中条件致死。本文综述了RHG家族( reapr、hid、grim、michelob x)细胞凋亡基因、转录激活因子tTA及Nipp1Dm、归巢内切酶基因等在害虫遗传不育技术中的研究和应用，讨论了特定致死基因的效应机理和应用特点，并对其可能的发展方向进行了展望。由于不同效应基因的致死作用和调控机理尚未完全明晰，因此深入研究特异致死基因的凋亡机制和在不同物种中的兼容作用，将为害虫遗传防控提供更多的研究思路和手段。
기우유전수식수단적곤충불육기술( SIT)작위일류물충특이、배경우호、과학고효적신흥책략，재해충방치중구유엄활적응용전경。석방휴대현성치사기인곤충적기술( RIDL)시개진전통SIT적중요수단지일，주요포괄사배소조공계통、특이성계동자、성별특이전접계통화특이성치사기인등중요원건，기중근거불동곤충적특점선택합괄적특이성치사기인대우구건유전불육품계지관중요。저사치사기인혹수도조알조공계통적공제、혹특이적재자충중표체、역혹직접작용우X염색체，도치후대재특정발육계단혹특정성별중조건치사。본문종술료RHG가족( reapr、hid、grim、michelob x)세포조망기인、전록격활인자tTA급Nipp1Dm、귀소내절매기인등재해충유전불육기술중적연구화응용，토론료특정치사기인적효응궤리화응용특점，병대기가능적발전방향진행료전망。유우불동효응기인적치사작용화조공궤리상미완전명석，인차심입연구특이치사기인적조망궤제화재불동물충중적겸용작용，장위해충유전방공제공경다적연구사로화수단。
The sterile insect technique ( SIT) is a species-specific, environment-friendly, and highly effective tool for insect pest control. Currently, release of insects carrying a dominant lethal gene ( RIDL) is one of the most studied techniques that were devel-oped to enhance traditional SIT. A standard RIDL system includes a tet-off system, gene specific promoters, components involved in sex determination and the effective lethal genes. Specifically, selecting the proper lethal genes is a very important step that deter-mines both efficiency and stability of RIDL strain. The lethal genes can be repressible, or specifically expressed in females, or di-rectly cut the X chromosome, all of which way lead to repressible/embryo-specific/female-specific lethality of offspring. Here the studies and applications of cell death genes such as RHG family ( reapr, hid, grim, michelob x) , tetracycline transcriptional activa-tor ( tTA) , Nipp1Dm and homing endonuclease genes ( HEG) are reviewed. The function mechanism and application feature of cer-tain lethal genes are discussed. More research on the structural character and regulation pathway of important lethal genes are needed to further understand cell apoptosis, as well as the development of new tools for genetic pest management.