CAJ | 학술논문

锌指核酸酶、类转录激活因子式核酸酶和CRISPR/Cas技术是近几年发展起来的3种主要基因组编辑技术，其原理都是通过在生物基因组特定位点制造DNA双链断裂损伤，从而激活机体自身的DNA 损伤修复机制，在此过程中引发各种变异。基因组编辑技术已在研究基因功能和基因修复中成功应用，基于基因组编辑技术的诸多优点，如CRISPR/Cas技术能对基因组中多个特定位点进行编辑，其有望成为昆虫遗传转化的主要策略。本文就锌指核酸酶、类转录激活因子式核酸酶和CRISPR/Cas技术的基本原理及其在昆虫中的应用做一简介，为今后利用基因组编辑技术进行昆虫遗传转化提供些许参考。
자지핵산매、류전록격활인자식핵산매화CRISPR/Cas기술시근궤년발전기래적3충주요기인조편집기술，기원리도시통과재생물기인조특정위점제조DNA쌍련단렬손상，종이격활궤체자신적DNA 손상수복궤제，재차과정중인발각충변이。기인조편집기술이재연구기인공능화기인수복중성공응용，기우기인조편집기술적제다우점，여CRISPR/Cas기술능대기인조중다개특정위점진행편집，기유망성위곤충유전전화적주요책략。본문취자지핵산매、류전록격활인자식핵산매화CRISPR/Cas기술적기본원리급기재곤충중적응용주일간개，위금후이용기인조편집기술진행곤충유전전화제공사허삼고。
The technologies of zinc finger nucleases ( ZFNs ) , transcription activator-like effector nucleases ( TALENs ) and CRISPR/Cas ( clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats, CRISPR;CRISPR associated protein, Cas) are three ma-jor genome editing techniques that have being developed in recent years. The basic principle is to make DNA double-strand break ( DSB) damaged in the genome specific sites and to activate the body′s own DNA damage repair mechanism, then causing all sorts of variation in the process. The genome editing techniques have important research prospect in the research of gene function and gene repair. They are also expected to become the main strategy of insect genetic transformation since they have many merits. For exam-ple, CRISPR/Cas can be used to edit multiple specific loci in the genome. In this paper, the basic principles of the ZFNs, activa-tion of transcription factor type nucleic acid enzymes and CRISPR/Cas technologies and their applications in insects are briefly intro-duced. The information provides some references for the use of genome editing techniques in insect genetic transformation.