中国农村水利水电
中國農村水利水電
중국농촌수이수전
CHINA RURAL WATER AND HYDROPOWER
2015年
6期
86-90
,共5页
汪顺生%孟鹏涛%高传昌%刘慧%易嘉成
汪順生%孟鵬濤%高傳昌%劉慧%易嘉成
왕순생%맹붕도%고전창%류혜%역가성
灌溉方式%灌溉控制下限%生长发育%产量及结构
灌溉方式%灌溉控製下限%生長髮育%產量及結構
관개방식%관개공제하한%생장발육%산량급결구
irrigation methods%irrigation control limit%growth characteristics%yield and yield components
通过田间试验，设置3种水分控制下限（田间持水量60％、70％、80％），分析了沟灌对冬小麦／夏玉米一年两作种植模式下的作物生长发育过程、群体结构、籽粒产量及产量构成因子和经济效益的影响。结果表明：与畦灌相比，沟灌冬小麦和夏玉米的生育期都延长3～5d，冬小麦无效分蘖数减少，成穗率提高6．14％～9．54％，冬小麦、夏玉米的株高、叶面积、基部茎粗和产量都有所提高，周年总产量提高3．67％～7．92％；相同灌溉模式下，随着水分下限提高，生育期也都延长，冬小麦、夏玉米的株高和叶面积都有不同幅度的提高，但夏玉米的基部茎粗表现为L-60＜L-80＜L-70，且冬小麦无效分蘖数增加，成穗率降低，产量L-70显著高于L-60，L-80较L-70无明显提高，由于灌水投入增加导致最终经济效益呈先增加后减少的趋势。
通過田間試驗，設置3種水分控製下限（田間持水量60％、70％、80％），分析瞭溝灌對鼕小麥／夏玉米一年兩作種植模式下的作物生長髮育過程、群體結構、籽粒產量及產量構成因子和經濟效益的影響。結果錶明：與畦灌相比，溝灌鼕小麥和夏玉米的生育期都延長3～5d，鼕小麥無效分蘗數減少，成穗率提高6．14％～9．54％，鼕小麥、夏玉米的株高、葉麵積、基部莖粗和產量都有所提高，週年總產量提高3．67％～7．92％；相同灌溉模式下，隨著水分下限提高，生育期也都延長，鼕小麥、夏玉米的株高和葉麵積都有不同幅度的提高，但夏玉米的基部莖粗錶現為L-60＜L-80＜L-70，且鼕小麥無效分蘗數增加，成穗率降低，產量L-70顯著高于L-60，L-80較L-70無明顯提高，由于灌水投入增加導緻最終經濟效益呈先增加後減少的趨勢。
통과전간시험，설치3충수분공제하한（전간지수량60％、70％、80％），분석료구관대동소맥／하옥미일년량작충식모식하적작물생장발육과정、군체결구、자립산량급산량구성인자화경제효익적영향。결과표명：여휴관상비，구관동소맥화하옥미적생육기도연장3～5d，동소맥무효분얼수감소，성수솔제고6．14％～9．54％，동소맥、하옥미적주고、협면적、기부경조화산량도유소제고，주년총산량제고3．67％～7．92％；상동관개모식하，수착수분하한제고，생육기야도연장，동소맥、하옥미적주고화협면적도유불동폭도적제고，단하옥미적기부경조표현위L-60＜L-80＜L-70，차동소맥무효분얼수증가，성수솔강저，산량L-70현저고우L-60，L-80교L-70무명현제고，유우관수투입증가도치최종경제효익정선증가후감소적추세。
By using field experiments ,we set three moisture control limit(80% ,70% and 60% of field capacity) ,analyzed the effects on crop growth and development process ,population structure ,grain yield and yield components factor of winter wheat and summer maize a year two planting mode in furrow irrigation and the influence of the economic benefits .The results show that compared with border irrigation ,furrow irrigation of winter wheat and summer maize growth period is extended for 3 to 5 days .Winter wheat can reduce invalid tiller number .The spike rate increase by 6 .14% ~9 .54% ,Wheat and maize plant height ,leaf area ,basal stem diame‐ter and yield has increased ,anniversary of the total output increases by 3 .67% ~7 .92% .Under the same planting pattern ,with the increase in water treatment limits ,growth period is extended ,plant height and leaf area of winter wheat and summer maize have dif‐ferent amplitude increase ,but the basal stem diameter of summer maize and winter wheat show the following rules:L-60<L-80<L-70 ,and invalid tiller number of the winter wheat increases ,earing rate reduces ,the yield of L-70 increases significantly than L-60 , while compared with L-70 ,L-80 have no significant increase .Due to the increase in the irrigation investment ,the final economic ben‐efit increases then decreases .
