CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解上海市松江区新桥镇2014年户籍居民死亡及减寿情况，为疾控部门的科学防治和干预提供依据。方法：通过搜集人口资料、全死因监测、编制人口寿命表,并计算居民的期望寿命、死因顺位、潜在减寿年数，平均减寿年数。结果：新桥镇2014年男性户籍居民的出生期望寿命为80.0岁，女性为85.0岁。居民死因构成比排序前4位为恶性肿瘤、循环系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病和损伤中毒，分性别排序时病种相同而顺位稍有不同。男性粗死亡率高于女性（841.7/10万比705.6/10万），差异有统计学意义（χ2=12.0, P＜0.01）。造成居民减寿最多的3类病种分别为恶性肿瘤、循环系统疾病和损伤中毒，男女性顺位一致。男性人均减寿年数为7.7年，略高于女性的7.6年。结论：恶性肿瘤作为首要死因，与其他慢性非传染性疾病共同严重影响着居民的健康水平，损伤和中毒造成的减寿也应得到政府和全社会的共同关注。
목적：료해상해시송강구신교진2014년호적거민사망급감수정황，위질공부문적과학방치화간예제공의거。방법：통과수집인구자료、전사인감측、편제인구수명표,병계산거민적기망수명、사인순위、잠재감수년수，평균감수년수。결과：신교진2014년남성호적거민적출생기망수명위80.0세，녀성위85.0세。거민사인구성비배서전4위위악성종류、순배계통질병、호흡계통질병화손상중독，분성별배서시병충상동이순위초유불동。남성조사망솔고우녀성（841.7/10만비705.6/10만），차이유통계학의의（χ2=12.0, P＜0.01）。조성거민감수최다적3류병충분별위악성종류、순배계통질병화손상중독，남녀성순위일치。남성인균감수년수위7.7년，략고우녀성적7.6년。결론：악성종류작위수요사인，여기타만성비전염성질병공동엄중영향착거민적건강수평，손상화중독조성적감수야응득도정부화전사회적공동관주。
Objective:To learn the situation of the death cause and life loss of the permanent residents in Xinqiao Town of Songjiang District, Shanghai in 2014 to provide a basis for the scientific prevention and treatment and intervention of the disease control department. Methods:Through collecting the population data, monitoring all death, and making the life table, the residents’ life expectancy, the sequence of death causes, the potential years of life lost, and the average years of life lost were calculated. Results:In 2014, the life expectancy of the permanent male residents was 80.0 years old and that of the permanent female ones was 85.0 years old. The constituent ratio of the death causes in the top 4 by ranking were the malignant tumor, circulatory system disease, respiratory system disease and injury and poisoning. The types of the diseases ranged by the gender were same, but the sequence was a bit different. The male crude death rate was higher than the female (841.7/100 000 to 705.6/100 000), and the difference had the statistical signiifcance (x2=12.0, P<0.01). The three diseases that mostly caused the years of life lost were the malignant tumor, circulatory system disease and injury and poisoning and their sequences of the male and female were the same. The years of life lost for the male was 7.7 years per person, which was slightly higher than that for the female 7.6 years. Conclusion:The malignant tumor as the primary cause of death seriously affects the health level of the residents together with other chronic non-communicable diseases. The life lost due to the injury and poisoning should also get the common concern from the governments and the whole society.