中国环境管理
中國環境管理
중국배경관리
ENVIRONMENTAL CONFORMITY ASSESSMENT
2015年
2期
51-54
,共4页
机动车限行%基本权利%法律保留%比例原则
機動車限行%基本權利%法律保留%比例原則
궤동차한행%기본권리%법률보류%비례원칙
restriction to vehicles use%fundamental rights%legal reservation%Proportionality principle
第十二届全国人大常委会第十二次会议初次审议了国务院提请审议的《大气污染防治法（修订草案）》，修订草案第四十五条拟授权省、自治区和直辖市人民政府可以采取机动车限行措施，其正当性引起社会的激烈讨论。机动车限行涉及公民所有权的限制，授权的合法性与正当性应受到公法上法律保留原则和比例原则的审查。草案第四十五条未区分高排放与低排放机动车、常态限制与临时限制，模糊地授权地方立法，不符合法律创设的目的性及必要性要求，第四十五条必须进一步明确授权范围。
第十二屆全國人大常委會第十二次會議初次審議瞭國務院提請審議的《大氣汙染防治法（脩訂草案）》，脩訂草案第四十五條擬授權省、自治區和直轄市人民政府可以採取機動車限行措施，其正噹性引起社會的激烈討論。機動車限行涉及公民所有權的限製，授權的閤法性與正噹性應受到公法上法律保留原則和比例原則的審查。草案第四十五條未區分高排放與低排放機動車、常態限製與臨時限製，模糊地授權地方立法，不符閤法律創設的目的性及必要性要求，第四十五條必鬚進一步明確授權範圍。
제십이계전국인대상위회제십이차회의초차심의료국무원제청심의적《대기오염방치법（수정초안）》，수정초안제사십오조의수권성、자치구화직할시인민정부가이채취궤동차한행조시，기정당성인기사회적격렬토론。궤동차한행섭급공민소유권적한제，수권적합법성여정당성응수도공법상법률보류원칙화비례원칙적심사。초안제사십오조미구분고배방여저배방궤동차、상태한제여림시한제，모호지수권지방입법，불부합법률창설적목적성급필요성요구，제사십오조필수진일보명학수권범위。
Revised draft of Law on the Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution was deliberated on the12th meeting of the 12th session of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress. Its Article 45 intends to authorize provincial-level local governments to adopt the measures of restricting vehicles’use. It is fully aware by the public and hotly discussed in society because it completely relates to civil rights. This paper argued that the authorization of the Article 45 in the revised draft is not abided by the basic principles of administrative law - legal reservation and proportionality. It is suggested that Article 45 of the revised draft should introduce the regulation measures distinguishing high-emission and low-emission vehicles, vaguely authorized local legislation and normal restrictions and temporary restrictions in terms of vehicles use, in order that the environmental rights and civil rights of the citizens keep consistent.
