中国钨业
中國鎢業
중국오업
CHINA TUNGSTEN INDUSTRY
2015年
3期
28-31,62
,共5页
离子型稀土%放射性%钍%铀%钨矿
離子型稀土%放射性%釷%鈾%鎢礦
리자형희토%방사성%토%유%오광
ion adsorption rare earth%radioactive%thorium%uranium%tungsten ore
由于稀有金属矿物中往往伴生放射性元素,因此冶炼工艺中去除放射性元素具有保证产品质量和减少环境影响的双重意义。研究针对离子型稀土冶炼工艺去除放射性元素这一课题,提出了一种湿法冶金工艺中通过有机萃取去除稀有金属冶炼伴生放射性元素钍、铀的方法;该方法为两步去除法,即通过酸分解将一部分放射性元素富集在酸溶渣中,该工序去除率达到80%~90%,剩余部分通过有机萃取进行去除,采用中和法将废水中放射性元素钍、铀沉淀下来,去除率达到8%~18%;经测定,排放的废水中钍、铀含量小于0.1 mg/L,符合稀土工业污染物排放标准相关限值要求;去除的放射性物质集中堆存于低放库中,避免了放射性元素对环境的污染。此工艺可为其他稀有金属矿种冶炼去除钍、铀提供借鉴。
由于稀有金屬礦物中往往伴生放射性元素,因此冶煉工藝中去除放射性元素具有保證產品質量和減少環境影響的雙重意義。研究針對離子型稀土冶煉工藝去除放射性元素這一課題,提齣瞭一種濕法冶金工藝中通過有機萃取去除稀有金屬冶煉伴生放射性元素釷、鈾的方法;該方法為兩步去除法,即通過痠分解將一部分放射性元素富集在痠溶渣中,該工序去除率達到80%~90%,剩餘部分通過有機萃取進行去除,採用中和法將廢水中放射性元素釷、鈾沉澱下來,去除率達到8%~18%;經測定,排放的廢水中釷、鈾含量小于0.1 mg/L,符閤稀土工業汙染物排放標準相關限值要求;去除的放射性物質集中堆存于低放庫中,避免瞭放射性元素對環境的汙染。此工藝可為其他稀有金屬礦種冶煉去除釷、鈾提供藉鑒。
유우희유금속광물중왕왕반생방사성원소,인차야련공예중거제방사성원소구유보증산품질량화감소배경영향적쌍중의의。연구침대리자형희토야련공예거제방사성원소저일과제,제출료일충습법야금공예중통과유궤췌취거제희유금속야련반생방사성원소토、유적방법;해방법위량보거제법,즉통과산분해장일부분방사성원소부집재산용사중,해공서거제솔체도80%~90%,잉여부분통과유궤췌취진행거제,채용중화법장폐수중방사성원소토、유침정하래,거제솔체도8%~18%;경측정,배방적폐수중토、유함량소우0.1 mg/L,부합희토공업오염물배방표준상관한치요구;거제적방사성물질집중퇴존우저방고중,피면료방사성원소대배경적오염。차공예가위기타희유금속광충야련거제토、유제공차감。
Remove radioactive elements in smelting processes can ensure product quality and reduce environmental impact due to the associated radioactive elements with rare metal ores. This paper studied the two-step removal technology of radioactive thorium, uranium associated with ion adsorption rare earth by organic extraction. Parts of the radioactive elements were concentrated in the acid residue by acid decomposition with removal rate reaching 80%~90%;the remaining was removed by precipitating thorium, uranium in the waste water with removal rate reaching 8%~18 %. Testing results showed that thorium, uranium contents in wastewater discharge were lower than 0.1 mg/L, conforming with the limit requirements in the relevant rare earth industry emission standards. The removed radioactive materials were stockpiled, avoiding the radioactive contamination of the environment.