CAJ | 학술논문

为了解长江中下游磷营养盐的分布特征及磷素的污染状况，2014年5月29日至6月7日沿长江中、下游干流在湖北武汉，江西九江，安徽安庆，江苏的南通、镇江、南京，上海等地设置采样断面，现场监测表层、中层和底层水体中总磷（TP）、溶解性总磷（TDP）、颗粒态总磷（TPP）、溶解性正磷酸盐（SOP）的含量，分析干流磷的沿程分布特征。研究结果表明：长江中、下游干流各采样地TP平均含量范围在0．15～0．25 mg／L，各采样地下游TP平均含量高于上游，各采样地下游左岸及右岸TP平均含量较中泓处高，且左岸TP平均含量较右岸高；各采样地TDP平均含量范围为0．02～0．13 mg／L，且采样地下游TDP平均含量较上游高；各采样地TPP平均含量范围为0．10～0．20 mg／L，沿长江中下游沿程方向TPP占TP百分比逐渐减小，但TPP仍是长江中下游TP的主要贡献者，TPP分布与叶绿素a的分布极为相似，二者呈显著正相关；各采样地SOP平均含量范围为0．02～0．11 mg／L，且 SOP平均含量沿长江中、下游沿程方向显示出增加趋势，SOP是TDP的主要组成部分，SOP平均含量占TDP平均含量70％以上。总体上，长江中下游水体中各形态磷含量较低，水质良好。
위료해장강중하유린영양염적분포특정급린소적오염상황，2014년5월29일지6월7일연장강중、하유간류재호북무한，강서구강，안휘안경，강소적남통、진강、남경，상해등지설치채양단면，현장감측표층、중층화저층수체중총린（TP）、용해성총린（TDP）、과립태총린（TPP）、용해성정린산염（SOP）적함량，분석간류린적연정분포특정。연구결과표명：장강중、하유간류각채양지TP평균함량범위재0．15～0．25 mg／L，각채양지하유TP평균함량고우상유，각채양지하유좌안급우안TP평균함량교중홍처고，차좌안TP평균함량교우안고；각채양지TDP평균함량범위위0．02～0．13 mg／L，차채양지하유TDP평균함량교상유고；각채양지TPP평균함량범위위0．10～0．20 mg／L，연장강중하유연정방향TPP점TP백분비축점감소，단TPP잉시장강중하유TP적주요공헌자，TPP분포여협록소a적분포겁위상사，이자정현저정상관；각채양지SOP평균함량범위위0．02～0．11 mg／L，차 SOP평균함량연장강중、하유연정방향현시출증가추세，SOP시TDP적주요조성부분，SOP평균함량점TDP평균함량70％이상。총체상，장강중하유수체중각형태린함량교저，수질량호。
In order to understand the distribution characteristic of phosphorus nutrient and the status of phosphorus pollution in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze river,the characteristics of phosphorus distribution along mainstream Yangtze River were analysed.The concentrations of total phosphorus (TP),total dissolved phosphorus (TDP),total particulate phosphorus (TPP),soluble orthophosphate (SOP)in the surface,middle and bottom wa-ters were detected on site at sampling sites (Wuhan of Hubei Province,Jiujiang of Jiangxi Province,Anqing of An-hui Province,Nantong,Zhenjiang,and Nanjing of Jiangsu Province,and Shanghai)from May 29 to June 7, 2014.Results revealed that the concentration of TP at each sampling site ranged from 0.15 mg/L to 0.25 mg/L;the average TP concentration in the downstream was usually higher than that in the upstream;and the average TP concentrations at the downstream left bank and right bank were usually higher than that at the central line,with the left bank higher than that at the right bank.The range of TDP concentrations was 0.02-0.13 mg/L,and the aver-age concentration in the downstream was usually higher than that in the upstream of each sampling site.The range of TPP concentrations was 0.10-0.20 mg/L.The percentage of TPP in TP gradually decreased along the middle and lower reaches,but TPP was still the major contributor to TP in the Yangtze River.The distribution of TPP was very similar to that of chlorophyll-a,displaying a significant positive correlation between them.The range of SOP concentration was 0.02-0.1 1 mg/L,and the average concentration showed an increasing trend along the middle and lower reaches.SOP was a major component of TDP,accounting for more than 70%.In general,the contents of va-rious forms of phosphorus are low in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,and the water quality is good.