中国医院用药评价与分析
中國醫院用藥評價與分析
중국의원용약평개여분석
EVALUATION AND ANAL YSIS OF DRUG-USE IN HOSPITALS OF CHINA
2015年
6期
782-783,784
,共3页
抗药性,细菌%数据收集%病原菌%分布%趋势
抗藥性,細菌%數據收集%病原菌%分佈%趨勢
항약성,세균%수거수집%병원균%분포%추세
Drug resistance,Bacteria%Data collection%Pathogenic bacteria%Distribution%Tendency
目的：探析广东省增城市新塘医院（以下简称“我院”）2008—2013年主要病原菌及耐药趋势。方法：对我院2008年1月—2013年12月各科室收集临床标本中分离的1244株病原菌进行分析，明确病原菌分布情况及耐药趋势。结果：1244株病原菌中，革兰阴性杆菌829株（66．6％），革兰阳性球菌388株（31．2％），其他27株（2．2％）。大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌为最常见病原菌。其中大肠埃希菌主要对头孢曲松、氨苄西林等有较高耐药性；铜绿假单胞菌耐药情况明显较低，最高为庆大霉素（31．8％）；鲍曼不动杆菌耐药的药物以环丙沙星、头孢曲松、头孢他啶为主；金黄色葡萄球菌耐药的药物以青霉素G、苯唑西林为主；凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌耐药的药物以红霉素、青霉素G、苯唑西林为主。结论：我院2008—2013年病原菌以大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌、金黄色葡萄球菌等为主，对常用抗菌药物耐药情况有所差异，临床需避免盲目及频繁使用抗菌药物情况，结合病原菌耐药趋势用药，以减少耐药菌株的产生。
目的：探析廣東省增城市新塘醫院（以下簡稱“我院”）2008—2013年主要病原菌及耐藥趨勢。方法：對我院2008年1月—2013年12月各科室收集臨床標本中分離的1244株病原菌進行分析，明確病原菌分佈情況及耐藥趨勢。結果：1244株病原菌中，革蘭陰性桿菌829株（66．6％），革蘭暘性毬菌388株（31．2％），其他27株（2．2％）。大腸埃希菌、銅綠假單胞菌、金黃色葡萄毬菌、鮑曼不動桿菌、凝固酶陰性葡萄毬菌為最常見病原菌。其中大腸埃希菌主要對頭孢麯鬆、氨芐西林等有較高耐藥性；銅綠假單胞菌耐藥情況明顯較低，最高為慶大黴素（31．8％）；鮑曼不動桿菌耐藥的藥物以環丙沙星、頭孢麯鬆、頭孢他啶為主；金黃色葡萄毬菌耐藥的藥物以青黴素G、苯唑西林為主；凝固酶陰性葡萄毬菌耐藥的藥物以紅黴素、青黴素G、苯唑西林為主。結論：我院2008—2013年病原菌以大腸埃希菌、銅綠假單胞菌、金黃色葡萄毬菌等為主，對常用抗菌藥物耐藥情況有所差異，臨床需避免盲目及頻繁使用抗菌藥物情況，結閤病原菌耐藥趨勢用藥，以減少耐藥菌株的產生。
목적：탐석광동성증성시신당의원（이하간칭“아원”）2008—2013년주요병원균급내약추세。방법：대아원2008년1월—2013년12월각과실수집림상표본중분리적1244주병원균진행분석，명학병원균분포정황급내약추세。결과：1244주병원균중，혁란음성간균829주（66．6％），혁란양성구균388주（31．2％），기타27주（2．2％）。대장애희균、동록가단포균、금황색포도구균、포만불동간균、응고매음성포도구균위최상견병원균。기중대장애희균주요대두포곡송、안변서림등유교고내약성；동록가단포균내약정황명현교저，최고위경대매소（31．8％）；포만불동간균내약적약물이배병사성、두포곡송、두포타정위주；금황색포도구균내약적약물이청매소G、분서서림위주；응고매음성포도구균내약적약물이홍매소、청매소G、분서서림위주。결론：아원2008—2013년병원균이대장애희균、동록가단포균、금황색포도구균등위주，대상용항균약물내약정황유소차이，림상수피면맹목급빈번사용항균약물정황，결합병원균내약추세용약，이감소내약균주적산생。
OBJECTIVE:To explore the main pathogens and drug resistance in Zengcheng Municipal Xintang Hospital ( our hospital) from 2008 to 2013.METHODS: 1 244 strains of pathogenic bacteria isolated from clinical specimens in our hospital from January 2008 to December 2013 were given analyses regarding the pathogenic bacteria distribution and drug resistance tendency.RESULTS: Of the 1244 strains of pathogenic bacteria, 829 strains were gram negative bacilli ( 66.6%) and 388 strains gram-positive cocci ( 31.2%) , leaving 27 other strains ( 2.2%) . Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Bauman Acinetobacter, coagulase negative Staphylococcus aureus were the most common pathogens.Escherichia coli were highly resistant to ceftazidime and ampicillin;Pseudomonas aeruginosa had significantly lower drug resistance, its resistance to gentamicin was the highest ( 31.8%); Acinetobacter baumannii were mainly resistant to Ciprofloxacin, Ceftriaxone and ceftazidime;Staphylococcus aureus were resistant to penicillin G and oxacillin etc; coagulase negative staphylococci were resistant to erythromycin, penicillin G and oxacillin. CONCLUSIONS: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus were the main pathogens in our hospital during 2008-2013, and their drug resistance to common antibiotics varied.It is important to avoid blind and frequent use of antibiotics, furthermore, drug resistance tendency should be considered during drug use so as to reduce the emergence of resistant strains.
