煤矿开采
煤礦開採
매광개채
COAL MINING TECHNOLOGY
2015年
3期
54-59,72
,共7页
软岩巷道%锚杆支护%支护原则%构件优化%实例分析
軟巖巷道%錨桿支護%支護原則%構件優化%實例分析
연암항도%묘간지호%지호원칙%구건우화%실례분석
soft rock roadway%anchored bolt supporting%supporting principle%component optimization%example analysis
总结我国3大类型软岩及赋存范围，并指出软岩巷道锚杆支护是在巷道浅层通过锚杆加固形成稳定的承载结构，该结构应始终保持整体完整性、具有足够的承载能力、在内部煤岩体变形时能适当让压。巷道围岩一旦揭露，无论从时间还是空间上都应及时进行锚杆支护，并施加足够的预紧力。同时软岩巷道锚杆支护应针对不同的地质和生产条件采取针对性的治理措施，如重视顶帮支护强度的协调、对煤岩体酥软的巷道应选择护表面积和强度大的构件、采用全长预应力锚固方式、采用自稳性较好的拱形断面、有效的控水措施等。详细介绍了软岩巷道锚杆支护构件优化和研究成果，介绍了高预应力、强力锚杆支护理论与技术在3类软岩支护中的典型应用实例，通过矿压监测数据分析评价支护设计的合理性和围岩稳定性。实践表明，采用高预应力锚杆支护系统能够有效控制软岩巷道围岩的强烈变形，并取得良好的支护效果。
總結我國3大類型軟巖及賦存範圍，併指齣軟巖巷道錨桿支護是在巷道淺層通過錨桿加固形成穩定的承載結構，該結構應始終保持整體完整性、具有足夠的承載能力、在內部煤巖體變形時能適噹讓壓。巷道圍巖一旦揭露，無論從時間還是空間上都應及時進行錨桿支護，併施加足夠的預緊力。同時軟巖巷道錨桿支護應針對不同的地質和生產條件採取針對性的治理措施，如重視頂幫支護彊度的協調、對煤巖體酥軟的巷道應選擇護錶麵積和彊度大的構件、採用全長預應力錨固方式、採用自穩性較好的拱形斷麵、有效的控水措施等。詳細介紹瞭軟巖巷道錨桿支護構件優化和研究成果，介紹瞭高預應力、彊力錨桿支護理論與技術在3類軟巖支護中的典型應用實例，通過礦壓鑑測數據分析評價支護設計的閤理性和圍巖穩定性。實踐錶明，採用高預應力錨桿支護繫統能夠有效控製軟巖巷道圍巖的彊烈變形，併取得良好的支護效果。
총결아국3대류형연암급부존범위，병지출연암항도묘간지호시재항도천층통과묘간가고형성은정적승재결구，해결구응시종보지정체완정성、구유족구적승재능력、재내부매암체변형시능괄당양압。항도위암일단게로，무론종시간환시공간상도응급시진행묘간지호，병시가족구적예긴력。동시연암항도묘간지호응침대불동적지질화생산조건채취침대성적치리조시，여중시정방지호강도적협조、대매암체소연적항도응선택호표면적화강도대적구건、채용전장예응력묘고방식、채용자은성교호적공형단면、유효적공수조시등。상세개소료연암항도묘간지호구건우화화연구성과，개소료고예응력、강력묘간지호이론여기술재3류연암지호중적전형응용실례，통과광압감측수거분석평개지호설계적합이성화위암은정성。실천표명，채용고예응력묘간지호계통능구유효공제연암항도위암적강렬변형，병취득량호적지호효과。
This paper concluded Chinese 3 types soft rock and respective occurrence range and indicated that anchored bolt supporting of soft rock roadway was to form stable bearing structure in shallow surrounding rock with anchored bolt and that the structure should in -variably keep whole integrity , enough bearing ability and appropriate yield capacity .Surrounding rock once disclosed , anchored bolt should be supported in time and enough pre-stress should be exerted .Soft rock roadway supporting should consider different geological and driving condition and apply specific prevention measures , such as paying attention to accordance of roof and side supporting , se-lecting components with large area and high strength for soft coal and rock body , applying whole-length pre-stress anchorage , applying arch-shape section with high self-stability and effective water control measures .Followed by introduction of supporting components opti-mization and research fruits in anchored bolt supporting soft rock roadway and application of high pre -stress, high strength anchored bolt supporting theory and technology in 3 types soft rock , rationality of supporting design and surrounding rock stability was analyzed with underground pressure monitoring data .Practice showed that high pre-stress anchored bolt supporting system could effectively con-trol strong deformation of soft rock roadway and reach excellent supporting effect .
