CAJ | 학술논문

【目的】研究不同土地利用方式对大型土壤动物群落结构的影响。【方法】野外手拣法采集大型土壤动物，运用 Shannon-wiener 多样性指数 H′、Pielou 均匀性指数 J 、Simpson 优势度指数 C、Margalef 丰富度指数 D 及密度－类群指数 DG 描述土壤动物群落结构特征，利用 SPSS 16．0对数据进行分析。【结果】共捕获大型土壤动物181只，隶属25个类群，其中小蚓类和膜翅目为优势类群；大型土壤动物类群数最少的是荒地，大型土壤动物个体数量从多到少依次为：菜地（41只）＞农田（40只）＞果园（34只）＞草坪（23只）＝建筑用地（23只）＞荒地（20只）。6种不同土地利用方式下：除建筑用地外，其他5种生境的大型土壤动物类群数量呈现明显的表聚性（P ＜0.05）；除荒地和建筑用地外，其他4种生境的大型土壤动物个体数量均具有显著的表聚性（P ＜0.05）。不同土地利用方式下，大型土壤动物群落结构特征如下：农田大型土壤动物群落结构较复杂，多样性较高，菜园和果园次之，而荒地、草坪及建筑用地的较低。【结论】不同土地利用方式下，小蚓类和膜翅目为优势类群；总体上，大型土壤动物群落呈现表聚现象；农田大型土壤动物群落结构较复杂，而荒地、草坪及建筑用地的大型土壤动物群落多样性较低。总之，剧烈人为干扰、植被稀少或单一等不利于大型土壤动物生存。
【목적】연구불동토지이용방식대대형토양동물군락결구적영향。【방법】야외수간법채집대형토양동물，운용 Shannon-wiener 다양성지수 H′、Pielou 균균성지수 J 、Simpson 우세도지수 C、Margalef 봉부도지수 D 급밀도－류군지수 DG 묘술토양동물군락결구특정，이용 SPSS 16．0대수거진행분석。【결과】공포획대형토양동물181지，대속25개류군，기중소인류화막시목위우세류군；대형토양동물류군수최소적시황지，대형토양동물개체수량종다도소의차위：채지（41지）＞농전（40지）＞과완（34지）＞초평（23지）＝건축용지（23지）＞황지（20지）。6충불동토지이용방식하：제건축용지외，기타5충생경적대형토양동물류군수량정현명현적표취성（P ＜0.05）；제황지화건축용지외，기타4충생경적대형토양동물개체수량균구유현저적표취성（P ＜0.05）。불동토지이용방식하，대형토양동물군락결구특정여하：농전대형토양동물군락결구교복잡，다양성교고，채완화과완차지，이황지、초평급건축용지적교저。【결론】불동토지이용방식하，소인류화막시목위우세류군；총체상，대형토양동물군락정현표취현상；농전대형토양동물군락결구교복잡，이황지、초평급건축용지적대형토양동물군락다양성교저。총지，극렬인위간우、식피희소혹단일등불리우대형토양동물생존。
Abstrzct:[Objective]This paper studied on the effect of different land use types on soil macrofau-na community structure.[Method]Soil macrofauna was collected with method of hand picking, and the community characteristic of soil macrofauna was described by Shannon-wiener index (H′),Pielou index (J ),Simpson index (C),Margalef index (D)and DG index (DG);data was analyzed by SPSS 16.0 software.[Results]A total of 181 soil macrofauna individuals were col-lected,which belonged to 25 groups.Microdrile oligochaetes and Hymenoptera were both the dominant groups.Number of soil macrofauna groups in abandoned land was the least.The num-ber of soil macrofauna individuals in different soil types varied as followed:graden (41 individuls)> farmland (40 individuals)> orchard (34 individuals)> lawn (23 individuals)= building site (23 individuals)> abandoned land (20 individuals).The number of soil macrofauna groups de-creased with depth increase of soil layer,showing obvious surface aggregation phenomenon under different soil types except building site (P < 0.05),it was the same as individuals except aban-doned land and building site (P < 0.05).The community characteristic of soil macrofauna was as follows:diversity of soil macrofauna from farmland was highest,diversity of soil macrofauna from orchard and garden were lower,and it was the lowest of the diversity of soil macrofauna from a-bandoned land,lawn and building site.[Conclusion]All in all,Microdrile oligochaetes and Hy-menoptera were the dominant groups,and surface aggregation phenomenon was existed in soil macrofauna under different soil types.Community structure of soil macrofauna in farmland was complex,but diversity of soil macrofauna in abandon land,lawn and building site was low.So, sever human disturbance,rare or simple vegetation had disadvantage effect on the survival of soil macrofauna.