CAJ | 학술논문

【目的】研究套作模式下玉米和大豆对土壤磷素吸收利用机制，为优化套作体系磷素管理提供理论依据。【方法】利用盆栽试验，比较了玉米／大豆套作（M／S）、玉米单作（MM）、大豆单作（SS）3种栽培模式在不施肥（CK）、施氮钾肥（NK）、施氮磷钾肥（NPK）3种施肥处理下的作物地上部生物量、籽粒产量、作物吸磷量及土壤有效磷含量间的差异。【结果】同一施肥处理下套作玉米和套作大豆的产量均显著高于单作玉米和单作大豆。同一栽培模式下，施磷显著提高了收获期玉米地上部生物量，而对大豆地上部生物量影响不大。同一施肥处理下，成熟期单株玉米吸磷量均表现出套作显著高于单作，同一栽培模式下，玉米成熟期各施肥处理玉米吸磷量均表现为 NPK＞NK＞CK。同一施肥处理下，成熟期单株大豆吸磷量均表现出套作显著高于单作，同一栽培模式下，各施肥处理间单株大豆吸磷量均以 NK 处理最低。玉米收获时，同一栽培模式下，施磷提高了玉米根际土速效磷、大豆根际土速效磷含量；所有栽培模式及施肥处理中的非根际土速效磷含量以单作玉米施磷处理最高。大豆收获时，所有栽培模式及施肥处理中根际土速效磷含量以套作大豆施磷处理最高，非根际土速效磷含量以单作大豆施磷处理最高。【结论】相同土地面积内，套作玉米和套作大豆与单作玉米和单作大豆相比，能显著提高单株玉米和单株大豆的产量及磷素吸收利用。
【목적】연구투작모식하옥미화대두대토양린소흡수이용궤제，위우화투작체계린소관리제공이론의거。【방법】이용분재시험，비교료옥미／대두투작（M／S）、옥미단작（MM）、대두단작（SS）3충재배모식재불시비（CK）、시담갑비（NK）、시담린갑비（NPK）3충시비처리하적작물지상부생물량、자립산량、작물흡린량급토양유효린함량간적차이。【결과】동일시비처리하투작옥미화투작대두적산량균현저고우단작옥미화단작대두。동일재배모식하，시린현저제고료수획기옥미지상부생물량，이대대두지상부생물량영향불대。동일시비처리하，성숙기단주옥미흡린량균표현출투작현저고우단작，동일재배모식하，옥미성숙기각시비처리옥미흡린량균표현위 NPK＞NK＞CK。동일시비처리하，성숙기단주대두흡린량균표현출투작현저고우단작，동일재배모식하，각시비처리간단주대두흡린량균이 NK 처리최저。옥미수획시，동일재배모식하，시린제고료옥미근제토속효린、대두근제토속효린함량；소유재배모식급시비처리중적비근제토속효린함량이단작옥미시린처리최고。대두수획시，소유재배모식급시비처리중근제토속효린함량이투작대두시린처리최고，비근제토속효린함량이단작대두시린처리최고。【결론】상동토지면적내，투작옥미화투작대두여단작옥미화단작대두상비，능현저제고단주옥미화단주대두적산량급린소흡수이용。
Abstrzct:[Objective]The aim of this study was to clarify the mechanism of P uptake under a maize/soybean intercropping system.The results may provide some theoretical basis for optimal P management in intercropping system.[Method]A pot experiment,which included three cropping patterns such as maize/soybean relay intercropping (M/S),maize monoculture (MM)and soy-bean monoculture (SS)under three fertilizer treatments (no fertilizer CK;nitrogen and potassi-um,NK; nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, NPK ) was carried out to compare crop aboveground biomass,grain yield,crop P uptake,and soil available P content.[Results]The yield of intercropped maize and soybean were significantly higher than that of mono maize and soy-bean,respectively,in the same fertilization treatment.Under the same cropping pattern,P appli-cation significantly increased maize aboveground biomass but no significant effect was observed in soybean.In the same fertilization treatment,P uptake by maize per plant was significantly higher in intercropping than in monoculture.In the same cropping pattern,P uptake of maize were in the order of NPK > NK > CK.In the same fertilization treatment,P uptake by soybean per plant was significantly higher under intercropping than under monoculture.In the same cropping pat-tern,P uptake of soybean was the lowest in NK treatment.In the same cropping pattern,P appli-cation significantly improved the rhizosphere available phosphorus of maize and soybean.The bulk soil available phosphorus was the highest in the treatment of maize monoculture and P fertili-zation.The rhizosphere available P was the greatest in the intercropped soybean with P applica-tion.However,the bulk soil available P was the highest in the mono soybean with P fertilization.[Conclusion]In the same land area,intercropped maize and soybean can significantly improve the grain yield and P uptake of maize and soybean per plant compared with mono maize and soybean.