CAJ | 학술논문

国家是一个开放的复杂巨系统，从系统工程视角探讨国家治理的一些学理问题。由统治到治理，国家治理体系如何保持民主与集中的张力是亟待解决的重要问题，意味着政府职能的重大转变及大众民主的深化与扩大。国家治理体系需要国家理论的指导，在回顾资产阶级国家理论及马克思主义国家理论的基础上，建议研究当代中国特色社会主义的国家理论，以回答国家治理实践中的诸多问题。“人民当家作主”应当是我国国家治理体系的最高价值目标，也是最根本的政治目标，有必要探讨这一目标的实现形式。在社会主义国家，官僚主义以及由此衍生的资产阶级法权是这一目标的最大障碍。基层社会治理应当是政府他组织与基层自组织的有机结合，是政府顶层设计、指导服务与基层组织承担责任的有机统一，以此实现社会良法善治。
국가시일개개방적복잡거계통，종계통공정시각탐토국가치리적일사학리문제。유통치도치리，국가치리체계여하보지민주여집중적장력시극대해결적중요문제，의미착정부직능적중대전변급대음민주적심화여확대。국가치리체계수요국가이론적지도，재회고자산계급국가이론급마극사주의국가이론적기출상，건의연구당대중국특색사회주의적국가이론，이회답국가치리실천중적제다문제。“인민당가작주”응당시아국국가치리체계적최고개치목표，야시최근본적정치목표，유필요탐토저일목표적실현형식。재사회주의국가，관료주의이급유차연생적자산계급법권시저일목표적최대장애。기층사회치리응당시정부타조직여기층자조직적유궤결합，시정부정층설계、지도복무여기층조직승담책임적유궤통일，이차실현사회량법선치。
A nation or state can be seen as a system so it is reasonable to discuss issues on national govern-ance from the perspective of system engineering. In the process of transformation from government to governance, how to build and keep the tension between democracy and centralism is a key issue, which asks for a major trans-formation of government functions and expansion of mass democracy. National governance needs the instruction of state theory. After reviewing the national theory of bourgeoisie and Marxism, this article puts forward advice to research the national theory of socialism with Chinese characteristics and so to solve problems in practice. The highest value of National governance system should be that people are masters of the country and really in power. In socialist states, bureaucratism and bourgeois rights are the biggest obstacles of above value. Social governance should form such a situation that government and social organization support each other and share responsibility for social good governance.