南京工业大学学报(社会科学版)
南京工業大學學報(社會科學版)
남경공업대학학보(사회과학판)
JOURNAL OF NANJING UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY(SOCIAL SCIENCE)
2015年
2期
19-25
,共7页
多尔特.欧豪斯特(著)%王聪聪(译)
多爾特.歐豪斯特(著)%王聰聰(譯)
다이특.구호사특(저)%왕총총(역)
能源转型%多重管治%可再生能源%能源政策%气候变化%环境政治
能源轉型%多重管治%可再生能源%能源政策%氣候變化%環境政治
능원전형%다중관치%가재생능원%능원정책%기후변화%배경정치
energy transition%multi-level governance%renewable energy%energy policy%climate change%envi-ronmental politics
在诸多行政层面具有不确定性背景下,德国能源转型面临着巨大考验,自上而下与自下而上的方法并行存在。次国家层面在德国能源转型中扮演着重要角色,它们不仅仅执行联邦政府的决策,而且在很大程度上是能源转型的发起者与推动者。受地方利益的驱动,德国联邦州的自治政策并不总是与联邦中央政府的政策相一致,并有利于整个系统的优化。但到目前为止,德国能源转型并没有真正实现一种将单一目标统一到总体目标并平衡相应决策机构利益的多重管治。就德国能源转型的成功而言,联邦中央政府层面上中长期的决策和协调,权衡联邦中央政府与联邦州政府不同利益的适应性战略,透明灵活并拥有足够纠错机制的管治结构,都是势在必行的。
在諸多行政層麵具有不確定性揹景下,德國能源轉型麵臨著巨大攷驗,自上而下與自下而上的方法併行存在。次國傢層麵在德國能源轉型中扮縯著重要角色,它們不僅僅執行聯邦政府的決策,而且在很大程度上是能源轉型的髮起者與推動者。受地方利益的驅動,德國聯邦州的自治政策併不總是與聯邦中央政府的政策相一緻,併有利于整箇繫統的優化。但到目前為止,德國能源轉型併沒有真正實現一種將單一目標統一到總體目標併平衡相應決策機構利益的多重管治。就德國能源轉型的成功而言,聯邦中央政府層麵上中長期的決策和協調,權衡聯邦中央政府與聯邦州政府不同利益的適應性戰略,透明靈活併擁有足夠糾錯機製的管治結構,都是勢在必行的。
재제다행정층면구유불학정성배경하,덕국능원전형면림착거대고험,자상이하여자하이상적방법병행존재。차국가층면재덕국능원전형중분연착중요각색,타문불부부집행련방정부적결책,이차재흔대정도상시능원전형적발기자여추동자。수지방이익적구동,덕국련방주적자치정책병불총시여련방중앙정부적정책상일치,병유리우정개계통적우화。단도목전위지,덕국능원전형병몰유진정실현일충장단일목표통일도총체목표병평형상응결책궤구이익적다중관치。취덕국능원전형적성공이언,련방중앙정부층면상중장기적결책화협조,권형련방중앙정부여련방주정부불동이익적괄응성전략,투명령활병옹유족구규착궤제적관치결구,도시세재필행적。
The German energy transition is a complex transformation process taking place on multiple administra-tive levels and involves a high level of uncertainty, during which, top-down and bottom-up approaches exist in parallel. German federal states are important players in the energy transition process. The sub-national initiatives in Germany show that the energy transition is not only carried out by the federal policy, but to a large extent be-ing initiated and driven from bottom up. Driven by regional interests, sometimes state targets not coinciding with the national government′s goals will in turn help optimize the overall system. But so far the transition lacks a vi-sion for multi-level governance, which can align single objectives to an overall target and balance interests among relative decision-making authorities. For the success of German energy transition, decision-making and coordina-tion efforts on the federal level,new mechanisms for the alignment of different interests at different levels, as well as a transparent and flexible governance structure are necessary.