CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解长沙地区健康体检人员血脂知识、态度、行为的现状及主要影响因素，为临床血脂异常的预防与控制提供依据。方法：随机抽取400例来自长沙地区湘雅医院参加健康体检的普通成人，进行血脂知识、态度、行为问卷调查，同时进行血脂相关的体格检查，根据性别、年龄、文化程度、婚姻、家庭月收入分组，并分析影响血脂知识、态度、行为的相关因素。结果：健康体检人员血脂知识得分为(18.33±8.67)分(总分37分)，血脂态度得分为(6.63±2.45)分(总分9分)，血脂行为得分为(8.32±2.65)分(总分16分)。其中女性知识、行为得分均高于男性(均P<0.05)；40~49岁年龄组知识、态度、行为得分均低于其他各年龄组(均P<0.05)；初中文化组知识、态度和行为得分均低于其他文化程度组(均P<0.05)；月收入2000元以下家庭收入组知识、态度、行为得分均低于其他收入组(均P<0.05)。多元逐步回归分析显示：健康体检人员血脂知识得分主要受文化程度、年龄2个因素影响(均P<0.05)，血脂态度得分主要受文化程度、收缩压、血糖及三酰甘油4个因素影响(均P<0.05)，血脂行为得分主要受文化程度、三酰甘油、舒张压、血糖及年龄5个因素影响(均P<0.05)。结论：血脂知识、态度、行为主要受文化程度、性别、年龄因素影响，因此医护人员可通过健康教育、提高普通人群相关知识水平来预防血脂异常，且应将40~49岁这一年龄段的男性作为重点干预对象。血脂知识、态度和行为还与个体的血压、血糖和三酰甘油相关，医护人员还应通过提高普通人群血脂、血压及血糖知识水平来改变其相关态度和不良生活行为习惯。此外，应积极控制其血压、血糖来提高普通人群的整体健康状况。
목적：료해장사지구건강체검인원혈지지식、태도、행위적현상급주요영향인소，위림상혈지이상적예방여공제제공의거。방법：수궤추취400례래자장사지구상아의원삼가건강체검적보통성인，진행혈지지식、태도、행위문권조사，동시진행혈지상관적체격검사，근거성별、년령、문화정도、혼인、가정월수입분조，병분석영향혈지지식、태도、행위적상관인소。결과：건강체검인원혈지지식득분위(18.33±8.67)분(총분37분)，혈지태도득분위(6.63±2.45)분(총분9분)，혈지행위득분위(8.32±2.65)분(총분16분)。기중녀성지식、행위득분균고우남성(균P<0.05)；40~49세년령조지식、태도、행위득분균저우기타각년령조(균P<0.05)；초중문화조지식、태도화행위득분균저우기타문화정도조(균P<0.05)；월수입2000원이하가정수입조지식、태도、행위득분균저우기타수입조(균P<0.05)。다원축보회귀분석현시：건강체검인원혈지지식득분주요수문화정도、년령2개인소영향(균P<0.05)，혈지태도득분주요수문화정도、수축압、혈당급삼선감유4개인소영향(균P<0.05)，혈지행위득분주요수문화정도、삼선감유、서장압、혈당급년령5개인소영향(균P<0.05)。결론：혈지지식、태도、행위주요수문화정도、성별、년령인소영향，인차의호인원가통과건강교육、제고보통인군상관지식수평래예방혈지이상，차응장40~49세저일년령단적남성작위중점간예대상。혈지지식、태도화행위환여개체적혈압、혈당화삼선감유상관，의호인원환응통과제고보통인군혈지、혈압급혈당지식수평래개변기상관태도화불량생활행위습관。차외，응적겁공제기혈압、혈당래제고보통인군적정체건강상황。
Objective: To evaluate the knowledge, attitude and behavior on blood lipid among people in Changsha and to provide evidences for prevention and control of blood lipid abnormality. Methods: A total of 400 cases were randomly selected on the questionnaire of the knowledge, attitude and behavior on blood lipid in ordinary adults who participate in health examination in Xiangya Hospital. Blood lipid related physical examination was conducted at the same time. hTe health examination participants were divided into several groups according to their sex, age, degree of education, marriage and family income. The influential factors for knowledge, attitude and behavior were analyzed. Results: hTe knowledge score of blood lipid for health examination participants was 18.33±8.67 (total score 37), the attitude score was 6.63±2.45 (total score 9) and the behavior score was 8.32±2.65 (total score 16). hTe scores of female was higher than that of male in the terms of knowledge and behavior (bothP<0.05); the scores in the 40–49 age group were lower than those in the other age groups (all P<0.05); the scores in the junior high school group were lower than those in the other education groups (allP<0.05); the scores in the family group with less than 2 000 yuan income were lower than those in other family groups with different income (allP<0.05). The multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that: 1) the knowledge on blood lipid score was inlfuenced by ages and education background (bothP<0.05); 2) while the attitude of blood lipid was inlfuenced by four factors such as education background, systemic blood pressure, blood sugar and triglyceride(allP<0.05); 3) the behavior on blood lipid was inlfuenced by ifve factors such education background, triglyceride, systemic blood pressure, blood sugar and ages (allP<0.05). Conclusion: The knowledge, attitude and behavior on blood lipid among health examination participants were mostly influenced by education background, gender and ages. Thus, clinical medical staff should prevent the blood lipid abnormality through the health education and improve the knowledge in normal people. hTe group of 40–49 age male should be thought as the primary intervention subjects. hTe knowledge, attitude and behavior on blood lipid among the general population is also related to individual’s blood pressure, blood sugar and triglyceride. So the clinical medical staff should also improve the knowledge of blood lipid, blood pressure and blood sugar in general population for improving their attitude and unhealthy habits. In addition, the active control of blood sugar and blood pressure can enhance the overall health status of the general population.