CAJ | 학술논문

目的：描述汶川地震后重灾区丧子者孤独感的现状及其影响因素，了解丧子者孤独感和家庭功能的关系，为丧子者灾后心理和家庭重建提供依据。方法：本研究为横断面调查，采用一般资料调查表、家庭关怀度指数量表、UCLA孤独量表和感情与社交孤独量表于汶川地震18个月后对重灾区的190名丧子家庭进行调查。结果：丧子者孤独感、情感孤独和社交孤独得分分别为24~69(43.58±9.61)分，5~24(11.95±3.60)分和6~24(13.99±3.69)分。丧子者家庭孤独感、情感孤独和社交孤独水平均比非丧子的丧亲者高，且两者情感孤独差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元回归分析显示，丧子者的再生育状态和家庭功能是其孤独感的影响因素。丧子者家庭功能与孤独感、情感孤独和社交孤独呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论：汶川地震丧子者孤独感较高。丧子者的再生育状态、家庭功能是其孤独感的影响因素。在后期干预中需更加关注丧子者群体，帮助丧子者学会改善和提高家庭功能及情感交流的有效技巧，同时提供医疗技术支持帮助丧子者重新孕育后代，以减轻其孤独感，更好地促进丧子者的灾后心理和家庭重建。
목적：묘술문천지진후중재구상자자고독감적현상급기영향인소，료해상자자고독감화가정공능적관계，위상자자재후심리화가정중건제공의거。방법：본연구위횡단면조사，채용일반자료조사표、가정관부도지수량표、UCLA고독량표화감정여사교고독량표우문천지진18개월후대중재구적190명상자가정진행조사。결과：상자자고독감、정감고독화사교고독득분분별위24~69(43.58±9.61)분，5~24(11.95±3.60)분화6~24(13.99±3.69)분。상자자가정고독감、정감고독화사교고독수평균비비상자적상친자고，차량자정감고독차이구유통계학의의(P<0.05)。다원회귀분석현시，상자자적재생육상태화가정공능시기고독감적영향인소。상자자가정공능여고독감、정감고독화사교고독정부상관(P<0.05)。결론：문천지진상자자고독감교고。상자자적재생육상태、가정공능시기고독감적영향인소。재후기간예중수경가관주상자자군체，방조상자자학회개선화제고가정공능급정감교류적유효기교，동시제공의료기술지지방조상자자중신잉육후대，이감경기고독감，경호지촉진상자자적재후심리화가정중건。
Objective: To evaluate the status of loneliness, the influential factors and the relationship between loneliness and family function among bereaved parents in disaster area of 5.12 Earthquake and to provide basis for mental and family reconstruction for those people suffering from the Earthquake. Methods: A total 190 bereaved parents in disaster area of 5.12 Earthquake were enrolled for an across-sectional study. A face-to-face survey was conducted by following scales: General Data Scale, University of California at Los Angels Loneliness Scale, Emotional and Social Loneliness Scale and Family APGAR Index. Results: hTe score of loneliness ranged from 24 to 69 (mean=43.58, SD=9.61), the score of emotional loneliness ranged from 5 to 24 (mean=11.95, SD=3.60) while the social loneliness ranged from 6 to 24 (mean=13.99, SD=3.69). hTe scores of loneliness, social loneliness and emotional loneliness were all increased among bereaved parents compared to people without loss of their child. The results of multivariate analysis showed that family function and status of fertility significantly impacted the loneliness (P<0.05). Furthermore, there was negative correlation between family function and the loneliness, social loneliness and emotional loneliness (P<0.05). Conclusion: The bereaved parents in disaster area of 5.12 Earthquake showed higher level of loneliness. The better of family function indicated the less of loneliness in bereaved parents. Measures should be taken to promote mental and family reconstruction for such people, including providing effective skills to improve emotional communication and family function and offering technical support for having another baby.