CAJ | 학술논문

在全球卫星导航系统（global navigation satellite system，GNSS）导航信号的产生、发射、传播和接收过程中各种环节的异常，都有可能对卫星信号质量产生影响。用户接收到异常信号后，会在一定程度上影响其位置、速度、时间（position，velocity，time，PVT）性能。开展 GNSS 导航信号监测评估，可以在第一时间及时准确发现异常并快速告警，确保 GNSS 用户，特别是民航、海事等涉及生命安全领域相关用户的高效、可靠使用。然而，针对 GNSS 导航信号的各种异常的综合监测评估，目前国内外尚无全面而系统的研究成果，因此无法进行实时或准实时的信号异常自动识别与分析。文中提出建立 GNSS 导航信号畸变模型库的理念，针对 GNSS 导航信号的产生、发射、传播和接收过程中各类信号异常，通过仿真分析和实测数据验证，建立一套较完善的数学分析方法，研究 GNSS 导航信号各类常见畸变产生机理及特点，并在此基础上，定性或定量地给出不同程度的信号畸变对信号质量评估以及对用户定位的影响。本文的研究成果能够为卫星系统故障自动识别与快速定位提供支撑材料。同时，还可为卫星星上信号产生方面的设计者提供参考，在信号设计和优化过程中提供依据。
재전구위성도항계통（global navigation satellite system，GNSS）도항신호적산생、발사、전파화접수과정중각충배절적이상，도유가능대위성신호질양산생영향。용호접수도이상신호후，회재일정정도상영향기위치、속도、시간（position，velocity，time，PVT）성능。개전 GNSS 도항신호감측평고，가이재제일시간급시준학발현이상병쾌속고경，학보 GNSS 용호，특별시민항、해사등섭급생명안전영역상관용호적고효、가고사용。연이，침대 GNSS 도항신호적각충이상적종합감측평고，목전국내외상무전면이계통적연구성과，인차무법진행실시혹준실시적신호이상자동식별여분석。문중제출건립 GNSS 도항신호기변모형고적이념，침대 GNSS 도항신호적산생、발사、전파화접수과정중각류신호이상，통과방진분석화실측수거험증，건립일투교완선적수학분석방법，연구 GNSS 도항신호각류상견기변산생궤리급특점，병재차기출상，정성혹정량지급출불동정도적신호기변대신호질량평고이급대용호정위적영향。본문적연구성과능구위위성계통고장자동식별여쾌속정위제공지탱재료。동시，환가위위성성상신호산생방면적설계자제공삼고，재신호설계화우화과정중제공의거。
In the signal generation,emission,transmission and receiving processes of the global navigation satellite system (GNSS),due to some unpredictable anomalies or effects,there are various abnormalities that would affect GNSS signal quality.Consequently,those unpredictable anomalies and effects received by users would influence the position,velocity and time (PVT)performance of the GNSS.By monitoring and assessment of GNSS signal quality,it would be possible to detect signal distortions and warn the users as soon as possible, thus guaranteeing a safe and efficient use of the GNSS,especially for civil aviation and maritime affair users. However,for the monitoring and assessment of a variety of abnormal GNSS navigation signals,there are no comprehensive and systematic research results yet,and no real-time or quasi real-time automatic identification and mechanism for signal distortion analyzing at present.The idea of establishing a GNSS signal distortion mo-del is introduced.To detect GNSS signal distortions caused during the processes from signal generation to signal receiving,and to further analyze their impacts on the service performance of the GNSS,a relatively complete mathematical method is proposed through simulation and data verification.Besides,the generation mechanisms and characteristics of GNSS signal distortions are analyzed in detail,and based on that,the influences of GNSS signal distortions on signal quality assessment and user positioning are given both in qualitative and quantitative methods.The achievements in this paper could be used as a valuable technical reference for automatic identifica-tion and locating of GNSS satellite faults.In addition,it could also be a good reference for satellite signal gene-ration designers in signal designing and optimizing.