西北师范大学学报（自然科学版）
西北師範大學學報（自然科學版）
서북사범대학학보（자연과학판）
JOURNAL OF NORTHWEST NORMAL UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE)
2015年
4期
86-89
,共4页
永城%煤矿塌陷区%重金属%鲫鱼%血细胞
永城%煤礦塌陷區%重金屬%鯽魚%血細胞
영성%매광탑함구%중금속%즉어%혈세포
Yongcheng%coal mine subsidence area%heavy metals%Carassius auratus%blood
为了评估永城煤矿塌陷区重金属污染情况，用水生生物指示水污染程度，采用pH计和原子吸收光谱法结合石墨消解法，检测永城煤矿塌陷区土壤和水体样本的pH值和重金属含量，以污染区的鲫鱼（实验组）和天沐湖自然保护区的鲫鱼（对照组）作为样本，观察胁迫条件下鲫鱼血常规和形态的变化．结果表明，煤矿塌陷区土壤和水体都呈弱酸性，符合土壤和地表水环境质量标准．塌陷区土壤和水体中五种重金属Cu ，Cd ，Pb ，Cr和 Zn浓度均显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）．实验组鲫鱼白细胞、淋巴细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞百分率明显高于对照组（P＜0.01），而红细胞数、血红蛋白含量、中性粒细胞和嗜碱性细胞百分率均明显减少（P＜0.01）．实验结果提示，该塌陷区域水体和土壤均有不同程度的重金属污染．鲫鱼的血细胞数目和形态均发生了显著变化．
為瞭評估永城煤礦塌陷區重金屬汙染情況，用水生生物指示水汙染程度，採用pH計和原子吸收光譜法結閤石墨消解法，檢測永城煤礦塌陷區土壤和水體樣本的pH值和重金屬含量，以汙染區的鯽魚（實驗組）和天沐湖自然保護區的鯽魚（對照組）作為樣本，觀察脅迫條件下鯽魚血常規和形態的變化．結果錶明，煤礦塌陷區土壤和水體都呈弱痠性，符閤土壤和地錶水環境質量標準．塌陷區土壤和水體中五種重金屬Cu ，Cd ，Pb ，Cr和 Zn濃度均顯著高于對照組（P＜0.05）．實驗組鯽魚白細胞、淋巴細胞和嗜痠性粒細胞百分率明顯高于對照組（P＜0.01），而紅細胞數、血紅蛋白含量、中性粒細胞和嗜堿性細胞百分率均明顯減少（P＜0.01）．實驗結果提示，該塌陷區域水體和土壤均有不同程度的重金屬汙染．鯽魚的血細胞數目和形態均髮生瞭顯著變化．
위료평고영성매광탑함구중금속오염정황，용수생생물지시수오염정도，채용pH계화원자흡수광보법결합석묵소해법，검측영성매광탑함구토양화수체양본적pH치화중금속함량，이오염구적즉어（실험조）화천목호자연보호구적즉어（대조조）작위양본，관찰협박조건하즉어혈상규화형태적변화．결과표명，매광탑함구토양화수체도정약산성，부합토양화지표수배경질량표준．탑함구토양화수체중오충중금속Cu ，Cd ，Pb ，Cr화 Zn농도균현저고우대조조（P＜0.05）．실험조즉어백세포、림파세포화기산성립세포백분솔명현고우대조조（P＜0.01），이홍세포수、혈홍단백함량、중성립세포화기감성세포백분솔균명현감소（P＜0.01）．실험결과제시，해탑함구역수체화토양균유불동정도적중금속오염．즉어적혈세포수목화형태균발생료현저변화．
In order to evaluate the heavy metal pollution and indicate the pollution status using Carassius auratus blood in the water of Yongcheng coal mine subsidence area , pH and the content of heavy metal of soil and water samples have been detected by pen pH meter and atomic absorption spectrometry combined with Graphite digestion system . Carassius auratus samples are collected from Yongcheng subsidence area (experimental group) and Tianmu lake nature reserve(control group) to observe the change of the blood routine examination and morphological when it is under stress condition . The results show that both soil and water pH are faintly acidic and within the soil environment degree of quality standard and surface water quality standard . The contents of Cu ,Cd ,Pb ,Cr and Zn are higher than that of control both in water and soil samples(P<0.05) . The numbers of white blood cell , lymphocyte and eosinophilic granulocyte <br> percentage of experiment group are higher than that of control group ( P< 0.01 ) . Nevertheless , the numbers of red blood cell and hemoglobin ,neutrophile granulocyte and basicyte percentage are lower than that of control group (P< 0.01) . The result imply that the water and soil in Yongcheng coal mine subsidence area have been polluted by heavy metals at varying degree .The number and morphological of blood cell have been changed significantly under this stress condition .
