CAJ | 학술논문

为贵州省有效提高种植业比较优势与科学调整种植业生产结构提供政策参考，基于1996—2012年贵州省10种主要农作物播种面积与单产数据，采用比较优势指数法测算了主要农作物生产的比较优势，并对农作物生产结构调整是否符合其比较优势进行了检验。结果表明，烤烟、薯类和油菜籽具有规模比较优势；稻谷、玉米、烤烟、油菜籽、薯类和大豆具有效率比较优势；烤烟、薯类、油菜籽、稻谷和玉米具有综合比较优势。种植业生产结构调整与农作物比较优势的匹配程度在2002年为最好，而两者在1998年和2008年的匹配程度最差。
위귀주성유효제고충식업비교우세여과학조정충식업생산결구제공정책삼고，기우1996—2012년귀주성10충주요농작물파충면적여단산수거，채용비교우세지수법측산료주요농작물생산적비교우세，병대농작물생산결구조정시부부합기비교우세진행료검험。결과표명，고연、서류화유채자구유규모비교우세；도곡、옥미、고연、유채자、서류화대두구유효솔비교우세；고연、서류、유채자、도곡화옥미구유종합비교우세。충식업생산결구조정여농작물비교우세적필배정도재2002년위최호，이량자재1998년화2008년적필배정도최차。
To provide a political reference for efficiently enhancing the comparative advantage of crop production and scientifically adjusting crop production structure,based on the planting area and yield data of ten main crops in Guizhou during 1996-2012,the comprehensive comparative advantage index method was adopted to calculate the comprehensive comparative advantage of main crops and match the relationship with the evolution of main crops'production structure adjustment.Results:Tobacco,potato and rapeseed had scale comparative advantage;Rice,maize,tobacco,rapeseed,potato and soybean had efficient comparative advantage; Tobacco, potato, rapeseed, rice and maize had comprehensive comparative advantage.The matching degree of comparative advantage and crop production structure adjustment was the best in 2002,while the worst in 1998 and 2008.