CAJ | 학술논문

为贵州防灾减灾以及高温气象灾害风险区域划分提供科学依据，利用1961－2010年贵州省81个气象站的逐日最高气温资料，采用线性趋势分析等方法，研究贵州省近50年高温时空的分布特征。结果表明：近50年来，贵州省年高温日数为7．3 d，7－8月出现频率最大，占全年的75．6％；高温日数以0．25 d／10a的速率呈较弱的增加趋势，平均最高气温和极端最高温度分别以0．12℃／10a、0．41℃／10a 的速率显著增加。多年平均高温日数以铜仁市、黔东南州、黔南州及遵义市北部分布较多，最高值为29．9 d。高温日数，黔西南州、黔南州、黔东南州及黔西北的大部分地区呈较小的上升趋势，镇远、铜仁、剑河、兴义、天柱和赤水等较少站点呈下降趋势；极端最高气温有2个极值中心，分别位于黔南的都匀（47．3℃）和黔北的赤水（42．3℃）。
위귀주방재감재이급고온기상재해풍험구역화분제공과학의거，이용1961－2010년귀주성81개기상참적축일최고기온자료，채용선성추세분석등방법，연구귀주성근50년고온시공적분포특정。결과표명：근50년래，귀주성년고온일수위7．3 d，7－8월출현빈솔최대，점전년적75．6％；고온일수이0．25 d／10a적속솔정교약적증가추세，평균최고기온화겁단최고온도분별이0．12℃／10a、0．41℃／10a 적속솔현저증가。다년평균고온일수이동인시、검동남주、검남주급준의시북부분포교다，최고치위29．9 d。고온일수，검서남주、검남주、검동남주급검서북적대부분지구정교소적상승추세，진원、동인、검하、흥의、천주화적수등교소참점정하강추세；겁단최고기온유2개겁치중심，분별위우검남적도균（47．3℃）화검북적적수（42．3℃）。
The spatial and temporal distribution characteristic of high temperature was studied by the linear trend analysis based on the day-by-day data of 81 meteorological stations in Guizhou during 1961-2010 to provide the scientific basis for prevention and reduction of natural disasters and division of high temperature meteorological disaster risk areas. The results show that there are 7.3 d with high temperature,which mainly occurs in July and August,accounts for 75.6% of total year.The days with high temperature show a weakly rising trend with 0.25 d/10a rate,and average maximum temperature and extreme maximum temperature significantly increase by 0.12℃/10a and 0.41℃/10a rate respectively. Average annual days with high temperature mainly distribute Tongren City,Qiandongnan Prefecture, Qiannan Prefecture and Northern Zunyi City and the maximum day number is up to 29.9 d.The number of high temperature day in Qianxinan Prefecture,Qiandongnan Prefecture,Qiannan Prefecture and most areas of Northwestern Guizhou shows a slight rising trend but the number of high temperature days in Zhengyun,Tongren,Jianhe,Xingyi,Tianzhu and Chishui appears a declining trend.Two extremum centers of extreme high temperature locate in Duyun(47.3℃)and Chishui(42.3℃)separately.