学术探索
學術探索
학술탐색
ACADEMIC RESEARCH
2015年
6期
83-88
,共6页
产品责任%法律适用%侵权法
產品責任%法律適用%侵權法
산품책임%법률괄용%침권법
product liability%law application%torts law
美国晚近的产品责任侵权法律适用具有如下趋势：在司法实务界，侵权行为的准据法确定方法仍然因州而异，美国至今仍未形成全国性的统一规则，但第二次冲突法重述正获得越来越多的州的支持。另一方面，由于有关利益解释标准不一及难以应对真实的冲突及利益欠缺等问题，第二次冲突法重述愈发遭受学界猛烈的批判。近来，原先的“保护被害人利益”及“法院地法主义”等倾向逐渐淡化，代之以“重视连接点的积聚”“防止选择法院”等倾向开始散见于各州的判例中。
美國晚近的產品責任侵權法律適用具有如下趨勢：在司法實務界，侵權行為的準據法確定方法仍然因州而異，美國至今仍未形成全國性的統一規則，但第二次遲突法重述正穫得越來越多的州的支持。另一方麵，由于有關利益解釋標準不一及難以應對真實的遲突及利益欠缺等問題，第二次遲突法重述愈髮遭受學界猛烈的批判。近來，原先的“保護被害人利益”及“法院地法主義”等傾嚮逐漸淡化，代之以“重視連接點的積聚”“防止選擇法院”等傾嚮開始散見于各州的判例中。
미국만근적산품책임침권법률괄용구유여하추세：재사법실무계，침권행위적준거법학정방법잉연인주이이，미국지금잉미형성전국성적통일규칙，단제이차충돌법중술정획득월래월다적주적지지。령일방면，유우유관이익해석표준불일급난이응대진실적충돌급이익흠결등문제，제이차충돌법중술유발조수학계맹렬적비판。근래，원선적“보호피해인이익”급“법원지법주의”등경향축점담화，대지이“중시련접점적적취”“방지선택법원”등경향개시산견우각주적판례중。
The newly -passed Law Application for the Products Liability tort law in America has the following tendencies:the method to determine the applicable law for torts still varies from state to state in the judicial practice;a unified rule has not formed nationwide,but the Second Restatement of Conflict of Laws is gaining more and more support from the states.On the oth-er hand,due to different standards and difficulty to deal with the situations such as “real conflicts”and “lack of benefits”,the Second Restatement of Conflict of Laws has been suffering fierce criticism from academics.In addition,the original tendencies such as “pro -victims”and “lexi fori -doctrine”is fading gradually,and they are being replaced by such trends as “to empha-size the connection point accumulation”,“to prevent the choice of court”,which begin to be seen in the cases of several states.
