中国妇幼健康研究
中國婦幼健康研究
중국부유건강연구
CHINESE JOURNAL OF MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH RESEARCH
2015年
3期
581-583
,共3页
颅脑损伤%儿童%危险因素%防范措施
顱腦損傷%兒童%危險因素%防範措施
로뇌손상%인동%위험인소%방범조시
traumatic brain injury ( TBI)%children%risk factors%preventive measures
目的：分析造成不同性别、不同年龄阶段儿童颅脑损伤的因素,为制定预防措施提供依据。方法收集浙江省桐庐县第一人民医院2008年6月至2014年6月收治的110例儿童颅脑损伤患者的信息,回顾性分析不同性别、年龄阶段造成颅脑损伤的原因、类型、病情严重程度、受伤机制以及受伤时的环境及活动内容的分布。结果男孩颅脑损伤发生率是女孩的2.06倍(67.37%vs 32.7%),脑挫裂伤、硬膜外血肿、颅内出血、硬膜下血肿均以男生为主,差异均具有统计学意义(χ2值分别为7.20、5.21、6.86、6.91,均P<0.05)。颅脑损伤原因主要有高处坠落(54.55%)、车祸(25.45%)、打击(14.54%)；随着年龄增长坠落的发生率降低(χ2=6.81,P<0.05)。家里(55.45%)、户外(17.27%)以及学校(13.64%)是儿童经常发生颅脑损伤的场所；随着年龄增长,在家里受伤的几率逐渐降低,在学校受伤的几率逐渐增加(χ2值分别为16.28、23.96,均P<0.05)。颅脑损伤时的活动多为玩耍(52.73%)、走/跑(18.18%)、睡觉/休息(12.73%)；与其它的活动相比,玩耍时发生损伤的几率更高,且随着年龄增长,玩耍导致的颅脑损伤发生率降低(χ2=6.22,P<0.05)。结论男孩颅脑损伤的发生率明显高于女孩,损伤的原因多为坠落、车祸、打击,且随着年龄的增长有一定的特点和规律性,可以根据其特点和规律性制定相应的防范措施。
目的：分析造成不同性彆、不同年齡階段兒童顱腦損傷的因素,為製定預防措施提供依據。方法收集浙江省桐廬縣第一人民醫院2008年6月至2014年6月收治的110例兒童顱腦損傷患者的信息,迴顧性分析不同性彆、年齡階段造成顱腦損傷的原因、類型、病情嚴重程度、受傷機製以及受傷時的環境及活動內容的分佈。結果男孩顱腦損傷髮生率是女孩的2.06倍(67.37%vs 32.7%),腦挫裂傷、硬膜外血腫、顱內齣血、硬膜下血腫均以男生為主,差異均具有統計學意義(χ2值分彆為7.20、5.21、6.86、6.91,均P<0.05)。顱腦損傷原因主要有高處墜落(54.55%)、車禍(25.45%)、打擊(14.54%)；隨著年齡增長墜落的髮生率降低(χ2=6.81,P<0.05)。傢裏(55.45%)、戶外(17.27%)以及學校(13.64%)是兒童經常髮生顱腦損傷的場所；隨著年齡增長,在傢裏受傷的幾率逐漸降低,在學校受傷的幾率逐漸增加(χ2值分彆為16.28、23.96,均P<0.05)。顱腦損傷時的活動多為玩耍(52.73%)、走/跑(18.18%)、睡覺/休息(12.73%)；與其它的活動相比,玩耍時髮生損傷的幾率更高,且隨著年齡增長,玩耍導緻的顱腦損傷髮生率降低(χ2=6.22,P<0.05)。結論男孩顱腦損傷的髮生率明顯高于女孩,損傷的原因多為墜落、車禍、打擊,且隨著年齡的增長有一定的特點和規律性,可以根據其特點和規律性製定相應的防範措施。
목적：분석조성불동성별、불동년령계단인동로뇌손상적인소,위제정예방조시제공의거。방법수집절강성동려현제일인민의원2008년6월지2014년6월수치적110례인동로뇌손상환자적신식,회고성분석불동성별、년령계단조성로뇌손상적원인、류형、병정엄중정도、수상궤제이급수상시적배경급활동내용적분포。결과남해로뇌손상발생솔시녀해적2.06배(67.37%vs 32.7%),뇌좌렬상、경막외혈종、로내출혈、경막하혈종균이남생위주,차이균구유통계학의의(χ2치분별위7.20、5.21、6.86、6.91,균P<0.05)。로뇌손상원인주요유고처추락(54.55%)、차화(25.45%)、타격(14.54%)；수착년령증장추락적발생솔강저(χ2=6.81,P<0.05)。가리(55.45%)、호외(17.27%)이급학교(13.64%)시인동경상발생로뇌손상적장소；수착년령증장,재가리수상적궤솔축점강저,재학교수상적궤솔축점증가(χ2치분별위16.28、23.96,균P<0.05)。로뇌손상시적활동다위완사(52.73%)、주/포(18.18%)、수각/휴식(12.73%)；여기타적활동상비,완사시발생손상적궤솔경고,차수착년령증장,완사도치적로뇌손상발생솔강저(χ2=6.22,P<0.05)。결론남해로뇌손상적발생솔명현고우녀해,손상적원인다위추락、차화、타격,차수착년령적증장유일정적특점화규률성,가이근거기특점화규률성제정상응적방범조시。
Objective To analyze the risk factors for traumatic brain injury ( TBI) among children in different sex and at different ages, so as to provide basis for developing preventive measures. Methods The clinical information of 110 children with TBI treated in First People’ s Hospital in Tonglu County were collected, and retrospective analysis was conducted on the aspects of reasons, types, severity and mechanisms of traumatic brain injury, and the environment and activities when injured at different age. Results The incidence of TBI in boys was twice of that of girls (67. 37% vs 32. 7%). Contusion and laceration of brain, epidural hematoma, intracranial hemorrhage and subdural hematoma were mainly found in boys, and the differences were significant (χ2 value was 7. 20, 5. 21, 6. 86 and 6. 91, respectively, all P <0. 05). The major causes of TBI included fall from high place (54. 55%), traffic accident (25. 45%), and collisions or blows (14. 54%). With age increasing, the incidence of fall down decreased (χ2 =6. 81,P<0. 05). Home (55. 45%), outside (17. 27%) and school (13. 64%) were the places where TBI occurred frequently. The possibility of injury at home decreased with age increasing, but that rose at school (χ2 value was 16. 28 and 23. 96, respectively, both P<0. 05). Most of the activities when TBI occurred were playing (52. 73%), walk/run (18. 18%) and sleep/rest (12. 73%). Compared with other activities, playing was the one with high occurrence of injury, and the incidence of TBI decreased with age increasing (χ2 =6. 22, P<0. 05). Conclusion The incidence of TBI is much higher in boys than in girls. The causes of injury are fall from high place, traffic accident and collisions or blows. With the increasing of age, incidence of TBI has different characteristics and regularity, based on which corresponding preventive measures can be formulated.
