CAJ | 학술논문

对粉末冶金制备的Cu/Invar复合材料，进行变形量至70%的轧制及750°C退火处理，研究在此工艺过程中复合材料物相、组织结构及性能的变化。研究结果表明，轧制和退火处理后的Cu/Invar复合材料中体心立方(BCC)α-Fe(Ni, Co)相明显减少，部分Ni原子从Cu中脱溶，并溶入α-Fe(Ni, Co)中，促使其向面心立方(FCC)的Invar合金转变。Cu/Invar复合材料的轧制变形过程分为3个阶段：当变形量小于40%时，Cu发生塑性变形，Invar颗粒随之发生位移，且颗粒间的气孔逐渐被压合；当变形量为40%~60%时，Invar合金和Cu发生协调变形，形成流线形结构；当变形量大于60%时，以Invar的变形为主，形成双连续网络状结构。经过变形量为70%的轧制及随后退火处理的Cu/Invar复合材料相对密度为98.6%，抗拉强度为360 MPa，伸长率为50%，热导率为25.42 W/(m·K)，热膨胀系数为10.79×10?6 K?1。
대분말야금제비적Cu/Invar복합재료，진행변형량지70%적알제급750°C퇴화처리，연구재차공예과정중복합재료물상、조직결구급성능적변화。연구결과표명，알제화퇴화처리후적Cu/Invar복합재료중체심립방(BCC)α-Fe(Ni, Co)상명현감소，부분Ni원자종Cu중탈용，병용입α-Fe(Ni, Co)중，촉사기향면심립방(FCC)적Invar합금전변。Cu/Invar복합재료적알제변형과정분위3개계단：당변형량소우40%시，Cu발생소성변형，Invar과립수지발생위이，차과립간적기공축점피압합；당변형량위40%~60%시，Invar합금화Cu발생협조변형，형성류선형결구；당변형량대우60%시，이Invar적변형위주，형성쌍련속망락상결구。경과변형량위70%적알제급수후퇴화처리적Cu/Invar복합재료상대밀도위98.6%，항랍강도위360 MPa，신장솔위50%，열도솔위25.42 W/(m·K)，열팽창계수위10.79×10?6 K?1。
The Cu/Invar composites of 40% Cu were prepared by powder metallurgy, and the composites were rolled with 70% reduction and subsequently annealed at 750 °C. Phases, microstructures and properties of the composites were then studied. After that, the amount ofα-Fe(Ni,Co) in the composites is reduced, becauseα-Fe(Ni,Co) partly transfers intoγ-Fe(Ni,Co) through the diffusion of the Ni atoms intoα-Fe(Ni,Co) from Cu. When the rolling reduction is less than 40%, the deformation of Cu takes place, resulting in the movement of the Invar particles and the seaming of the pores. When the rolling reduction is in the range from 40% to 60%, the deformations of Invar and Cu occur simultaneously to form a streamline structure. After rolling till 70% and subsequent annealing, the Cu/Invar composites have fine comprehensive properties with a relative density of 98.6%, a tensile strength of 360 MPa, an elongation rate of 50%, a thermal conductivity of 25.42 W/(m·K) (as-tested) and a CTE of 10.79×10?6 /K (20?100 °C).