CAJ | 학술논문

目的分析2014年福建省首起布鲁杆菌病(简称布病)爆发原因,为及时采取有效措施,避免疫情的进一步扩散与蔓延提供依据.方法采用流行病学爆发调查方法,在福建省漳州市某县上报布病病例的疫点,与当地农业部门同时开展人间与畜间疫情调查.将疫点养羊场的17名职业人员,以及在距离该养羊场最近的东、南、西、北四个方位各选取一个养殖场,包括2家养猪场,1家养羊场和1家养牛场的9名职业人员纳入调查对象,开展布病血清学检测及职业人员布病认知情况调查.对疫点262只羊以及距离疫点约5公里的另一家养羊场的50只羊血清进行布病抗体检测,同时调查羊只来源.结果共调查26人(疫点地区17人),发现7例感染者,感染率为26.9％(7/26).感染者均来自疫点养羊场,疫点感染率为41.2％(7/17),其中5例阳性感染者,2例隐性感染者.共对312只羊进行血清学检测,疫点羊布病抗体阳性率为46.2％(121/262),邻近另一家养羊场未发现布病抗体阳性羊只(0/50).感染方式中无防护接羔及死胎处理感染率均为100.0％(7/7).被调查的职业人群中,有92.3％(24/26)的人不了解布病的临床症状和体征,仅有11.5％(3/26)的人在工作时采取防护措施.结论此次布病爆发疫情传染源为疫点的染疫羊,无防护的接胎及死胎处理是主要的传播途径,羊感染率高、职业人群对布病的认识匮乏和防护缺失以及动物检疫空白是疫情发生的危险因素.
목적 분석2014년복건성수기포로간균병(간칭포병)폭발원인,위급시채취유효조시,피면역정적진일보확산여만연제공의거.방법 채용류행병학폭발조사방법,재복건성장주시모현상보포병병례적역점,여당지농업부문동시개전인간여축간역정조사.장역점양양장적17명직업인원,이급재거리해양양장최근적동、남、서、북사개방위각선취일개양식장,포괄2가양저장,1가양양장화1가양우장적9명직업인원납입조사대상,개전포병혈청학검측급직업인원포병인지정황조사.대역점262지양이급거리역점약5공리적령일가양양장적50지양혈청진행포병항체검측,동시조사양지래원.결과 공조사26인(역점지구17인),발현7례감염자,감염솔위26.9％(7/26).감염자균래자역점양양장,역점감염솔위41.2％(7/17),기중5례양성감염자,2례은성감염자.공대312지양진행혈청학검측,역점양포병항체양성솔위46.2％(121/262),린근령일가양양장미발현포병항체양성양지(0/50).감염방식중무방호접고급사태처리감염솔균위100.0％(7/7).피조사적직업인군중,유92.3％(24/26)적인불료해포병적림상증상화체정,부유11.5％(3/26)적인재공작시채취방호조시.결론 차차포병폭발역정전염원위역점적염역양,무방호적접태급사태처리시주요적전파도경,양감염솔고、직업인군대포병적인식궤핍화방호결실이급동물검역공백시역정발생적위험인소.
Objective To investigate the first human brucellosis outbreak in Fujian Province,aiming to identify the source,risk factors of infection,and recommend control measures.Methods Epidemiological investigation was conducted by combining with agricultural sector on human and animal in the incident area of Zhangzhou City of Fujian Province.Respondents included 17 professionals from the outbreak sheep farm,as well as 9 ones from four nearest farms (including 2 pig farms,1 sheep farm and 1 cow farm) in directions of eastern,southern,western and northern.Then information of cognitive level and daily protection on brucellosis among pasture breeding staffs through case studies were got,serum of pasture breeding staffs and animals was collected (including 262 from the outbreak sheep farm and 50 from another sheep farm which nearly 5 kilometres away) to detect brucellosis antibody,and sheep sources were investigated simultaneously.Results A total of 26 people were detected,the infection rate was 26.9％ (17 people,in the epidemic area),the other four farming units without brucellosis infection.In epidemic focus,seven human infections (5 confirmed cases,2 asymptomatic infected) were identified,with an infection rate 41.2％ (7/17) and the brucellosis antibody positive rate among sheep was 46.2％ (121/262),while no positive sheep in the nearest sheep farm (0/50).Both unprotected lamb handling and stillbirth treatment got a 100.0％ infection rate.Among the investigated professional staffs,92.3％ (24/26) had no awareness of clinical symptoms and signs of brucellosis,while 11.5％ (3/26) took protective measures when working.Conclusions Unquarantined sheep is the infection source of this brucellosis outbreak,unprotected lamb handling and stillbirth treatment are the main route of transmission.High sheep infection rate,lack of brucellosis awareness,precaution missing among pasture breeding staffs and animal quarantine are all contributing to this outbreak.