CAJ | 학술논문

在气候变暖背景下温室气体排放特征的研究已成为全球变化的研究热点之一，而湿地生态系统与温室气体排放有着密切的关系。湿地 N2O 排放对水分变化的响应机制研究对干旱区高寒湿地的科学管理具有重要意义。以新疆天山中部巴音布鲁克天鹅湖高寒湿地为研究区，采用静态箱-气相色谱法，对处于不同水分条件下高寒湿地生态系统N2O排放特征进行研究。结果表明：（1）常年积水区、季节性积水区、常年干燥区生态系统N2O的日平均排放通量分别为1.27、0.99、0.98μg·m-2·h-1。生态系统日N2O累积排放量分别为常年积水区30.61μg·m-2、季节性积水区23.97μg·m-2、常年干燥区23.08μg·m-2。（2）季节性积水区生态系统N2O排放日变化表现为3峰曲线，其峰值分别出现在2：00（1.30μg·m-2·h-1）、11：00（1.28μg·m-2·h-1）和21：00（1.66μg·m-2·h-1），而常年干燥区生态系统N2O排放日变化表现为双峰曲线，峰值分别出现在9：00（1.40μg·m-2·h-1）和17：00（1.42μg·m-2·h-1）。（3）环境因素显著影响着湿地生态系统N2O排放，地表植被活体生物量与生态系统N2O累积排放量呈现显著正相关性，在常年积水区地下10 cm土壤温度与生态系统N2O排放通量相关性达到显著水平（F=8.326，P=0.018），在季节性积水区土壤含水量与生态系统N2O排放通量有显著相关性（F=4.787，P=0.043）。
재기후변난배경하온실기체배방특정적연구이성위전구변화적연구열점지일，이습지생태계통여온실기체배방유착밀절적관계。습지 N2O 배방대수분변화적향응궤제연구대간한구고한습지적과학관리구유중요의의。이신강천산중부파음포로극천아호고한습지위연구구，채용정태상-기상색보법，대처우불동수분조건하고한습지생태계통N2O배방특정진행연구。결과표명：（1）상년적수구、계절성적수구、상년간조구생태계통N2O적일평균배방통량분별위1.27、0.99、0.98μg·m-2·h-1。생태계통일N2O루적배방량분별위상년적수구30.61μg·m-2、계절성적수구23.97μg·m-2、상년간조구23.08μg·m-2。（2）계절성적수구생태계통N2O배방일변화표현위3봉곡선，기봉치분별출현재2：00（1.30μg·m-2·h-1）、11：00（1.28μg·m-2·h-1）화21：00（1.66μg·m-2·h-1），이상년간조구생태계통N2O배방일변화표현위쌍봉곡선，봉치분별출현재9：00（1.40μg·m-2·h-1）화17：00（1.42μg·m-2·h-1）。（3）배경인소현저영향착습지생태계통N2O배방，지표식피활체생물량여생태계통N2O루적배방량정현현저정상관성，재상년적수구지하10 cm토양온도여생태계통N2O배방통량상관성체도현저수평（F=8.326，P=0.018），재계절성적수구토양함수량여생태계통N2O배방통량유현저상관성（F=4.787，P=0.043）。
Characteristics of greenhouse gas emission had became the focus of global change study under the background of climate warming, and the wetland ecosystem and greenhouse gas emissions are closely related. Understanding the effect of water change on the dynamics of wetland N2O emissions is important for the scientific management of alpine wetland in arid area.Taking the alpine wetland at Swan Lake of Bayinbuluke in the middle Tianshan Mountain as a study area, the emission characteristics of N2O was measured under different water conditions at alpine wetland ecosystems using the method of static steel chambers and gas chromatography. Results showed that: (1) The average daily emissions of N2O at perennial seeper area, seasonal water area and perennial dry area were 1.27, 0.99, and 0.98 μg·m-2·h-1, respectively, while the cumulative daily emissions of N2O at perennial seeper area, seasonal water area and perennial dry area were 30.61, 23.97 and 23.08 μg·m-2, respectively. (2) The curve of N2O daily emissions in seasonal water area had three peaks, which occurred at 2:00 (1.30 μg·m-2·h-1), 11:00 (1.28 μg·m-2·h-1), and 21:00 (1.66 μg·m-2·h-1), while the curve of N2O daily emissions in perennial dry area peaked at 9:00 (1.40 μg·m-2·h-1) and 17:00 (1.42 μg·m-2·h-1). (3) Environmental factors had significant effect on N2O emissions in wetland ecosystems. There is a significant positive correlation between the soil N2O cumulative emissions and vegetation living biomass at all areas. The significant correlation between N2O emissions and soil temperature of underground 10 cm was only found at perennial seeper area (P=0.018), while the correlation between N2O emissions and soil water content was significant (P=0.043) only at seasonal water area.