生态环境学报
生態環境學報
생태배경학보
ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT
2015年
5期
886-891
,共6页
张会敏%袁艺%焦慧%刘雪艳%苏闪闪%田胜尼
張會敏%袁藝%焦慧%劉雪豔%囌閃閃%田勝尼
장회민%원예%초혜%류설염%소섬섬%전성니
铜尾矿%自然定居植物%重金属%富集特性
銅尾礦%自然定居植物%重金屬%富集特性
동미광%자연정거식물%중금속%부집특성
copper mine tailings%plants settled naturally%heavy metal%enrichment characteristics
通过野外调查和室内实验,探讨铜陵市相思谷铜尾矿自然定居的芒(Miscanthus sinensis)、羊蹄(Rumex japonicus)、何首乌(Polygonum multiflorum)、苦荬菜(Ixeris denticulata)、草(Arthraxon hispidus)、1年蓬(Erigeron annuus)、小飞蓬(Conyza canadensis)、高粱泡(Rubus lambertianus)8种植物对重金属Cu、Pb、Zn和Cd吸收与富集特性,为铜尾矿废弃地植被恢复和重金属污染土壤的植物修复提供理论依据。结果表明:铜陵相思谷铜尾矿中全氮、全磷、速效氮、速效磷、速效钾、有机质等营养成分均极显著低于对照的土壤(P<0.01);铜尾矿中的重金属铜质量分数高达2224.167 mg·kg-1,锌、镉等重金属极显著高于对照土壤的含量(P<0.01),铅含量显著高于对照土壤的含量(P<0.05)。相思谷铜尾矿营养成份低,重金属Cu含量过高是抑制植物定居的主要因子。通过对8种植物体内不同部位的重金属含量分析发现,8种植物对重金属的吸收主要集中在根部。地上部分重金属含量最高的植物为芒,其Cu、Pb、Zn和Cd质量分数分别为314.487、85.710、199.681、2.650 mg·kg-1。通过对转移系数和富集系数分析发现,芒对Cu、Pb和Cd的转移能力最强,分别为0.701、1.797和1.432,羊蹄对Zn的转移能力最强,为1.743。芒的地上部分对重金属Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd的富集系数均最高,分别为0.141、0.408、0.239、0.240;芒的地下部分对重金属 Cu、Cd 的富集系数最高,分别为0.202、0.168。因此,芒不仅可作为铜尾矿植被恢复的植物,同时也用于重金属污染土壤的修复植物。
通過野外調查和室內實驗,探討銅陵市相思穀銅尾礦自然定居的芒(Miscanthus sinensis)、羊蹄(Rumex japonicus)、何首烏(Polygonum multiflorum)、苦荬菜(Ixeris denticulata)、草(Arthraxon hispidus)、1年蓬(Erigeron annuus)、小飛蓬(Conyza canadensis)、高粱泡(Rubus lambertianus)8種植物對重金屬Cu、Pb、Zn和Cd吸收與富集特性,為銅尾礦廢棄地植被恢複和重金屬汙染土壤的植物脩複提供理論依據。結果錶明:銅陵相思穀銅尾礦中全氮、全燐、速效氮、速效燐、速效鉀、有機質等營養成分均極顯著低于對照的土壤(P<0.01);銅尾礦中的重金屬銅質量分數高達2224.167 mg·kg-1,鋅、鎘等重金屬極顯著高于對照土壤的含量(P<0.01),鉛含量顯著高于對照土壤的含量(P<0.05)。相思穀銅尾礦營養成份低,重金屬Cu含量過高是抑製植物定居的主要因子。通過對8種植物體內不同部位的重金屬含量分析髮現,8種植物對重金屬的吸收主要集中在根部。地上部分重金屬含量最高的植物為芒,其Cu、Pb、Zn和Cd質量分數分彆為314.487、85.710、199.681、2.650 mg·kg-1。通過對轉移繫數和富集繫數分析髮現,芒對Cu、Pb和Cd的轉移能力最彊,分彆為0.701、1.797和1.432,羊蹄對Zn的轉移能力最彊,為1.743。芒的地上部分對重金屬Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd的富集繫數均最高,分彆為0.141、0.408、0.239、0.240;芒的地下部分對重金屬 Cu、Cd 的富集繫數最高,分彆為0.202、0.168。因此,芒不僅可作為銅尾礦植被恢複的植物,同時也用于重金屬汙染土壤的脩複植物。
통과야외조사화실내실험,탐토동릉시상사곡동미광자연정거적망(Miscanthus sinensis)、양제(Rumex japonicus)、하수오(Polygonum multiflorum)、고매채(Ixeris denticulata)、초(Arthraxon hispidus)、1년봉(Erigeron annuus)、소비봉(Conyza canadensis)、고량포(Rubus lambertianus)8충식물대중금속Cu、Pb、Zn화Cd흡수여부집특성,위동미광폐기지식피회복화중금속오염토양적식물수복제공이론의거。결과표명:동릉상사곡동미광중전담、전린、속효담、속효린、속효갑、유궤질등영양성분균겁현저저우대조적토양(P<0.01);동미광중적중금속동질량분수고체2224.167 mg·kg-1,자、력등중금속겁현저고우대조토양적함량(P<0.01),연함량현저고우대조토양적함량(P<0.05)。상사곡동미광영양성빈저,중금속Cu함량과고시억제식물정거적주요인자。통과대8충식물체내불동부위적중금속함량분석발현,8충식물대중금속적흡수주요집중재근부。지상부분중금속함량최고적식물위망,기Cu、Pb、Zn화Cd질량분수분별위314.487、85.710、199.681、2.650 mg·kg-1。통과대전이계수화부집계수분석발현,망대Cu、Pb화Cd적전이능력최강,분별위0.701、1.797화1.432,양제대Zn적전이능력최강,위1.743。망적지상부분대중금속Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd적부집계수균최고,분별위0.141、0.408、0.239、0.240;망적지하부분대중금속 Cu、Cd 적부집계수최고,분별위0.202、0.168。인차,망불부가작위동미광식피회복적식물,동시야용우중금속오염토양적수복식물。
Through field investigation and laboratory experiments, heavy metals absorption and enrichment characteristics of 8 plants species settled naturally in Xiangsigu copper tailings were analyzed in Tongling city, Anhui province, which provided theoretical basis for the revegetation of copper tailings and phytoremediation plant of heavy metal contaminated soil. The eight plant species were M. sinensis, R. japonicas, P. multiflorum, I. denticulate, A. hispidus, E. annuus, C. canadensis, R. lambertianus. The results showed that the contents of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, organic and other nutrients were lower than that of control soil significantly(P<0.01). The Cu concentrations of Xiangsigu copper tailings reached up to 2 224.17 mg·kg-1. Zn and Cd concentrations were significantly higher than that of control soil(P<0.01). Pb concentrations were significantly higher than control soil(P<0.05). Low nutrients, excessive concentrations of heavy metal Cu were major factors inhibiting plant settled on the copper tailings. Through analysis for heavy metal contents of 8 plants species different parts, heavy metals absorption of 8 plants species mainly concentrated in the roots. Among 8 plant species, the contents above the ground for heavy metals in M. sinensis were the highest, and contents of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd were 314.487, 85.710, 199.681, 2.650 mg·kg-1 respectively. By Analyzing of transfer coefficient and enrichment coefficient, Cu, Pb and Cd transfer coefficient in the body of M. sinensis were highest, being 0.701, 1.797 and 1.432 respectively. Transfer coefficient of R. japonicus for Zn is the strongest, being 1.743. Enrichment coefficient of M. sinensis above the ground for Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd were the highest, being 0.141, 0.408, 0.239, 0.240 respectively. Enrichment coefficient of M. sinensis on the under ground parts for Cu, Cd were the highest, being 0.202, 0.168. Therefore, M. sinensis could be used not only as a pioneer plant in the revegetation of copper tailings but also as a phytoremediation plant of heavy metal contaminated soils.