CAJ | 학술논문

为了探明不同水热地带沙地封育草场土壤性质和植被特征的差异性，以科尔沁沙地和毛乌素沙地封育草地为研究对象，通过调查2个沙地的土壤理化性质和草本植被特征，比较不同地带沙地土壤性质与植被特征，并分析影响不同地带沙地土壤性质和植被分布的原因，以期为区域退化沙质草地生态系统恢复、保护与管理以及应对气候变化提供依据。结果表明：降雨量较高的科尔沁沙地（397 mm）封育草场土壤含水量（t=7.318，P=0.000）、有机碳含量（t=6.395，P=0.000）、全氮含量（t=4.532，P=0.003）以及土壤C/N（t=2.491，P=0.041）均显著高于偏干旱的毛乌素沙地（292 mm），前者分别是后者的2.5、2.5、2.2、1.2倍，而土壤pH（t=-39.576，P=0.000）、电导率（t=-10.031，P=0.000）和土壤温度（t=-11.559，P=0.000）均表现为科尔沁沙地（年均温6.3℃）显著低于毛乌素沙地（年均温7.7℃），后者分别是前者的1.2、1.8、1.1倍。科尔沁沙地植物个体数（t=-7.774，P=0.000）、优势度指数（t=-4.066，P=0.004）显著低于毛乌素沙地，后者分别是前者的10、2倍，而植物高度（t=7.003，P=0.000）和均匀度指数（t=2.829，P=0.025）表现为科尔沁沙地显著高于毛乌素沙地（P<0.001），前者分别是后者的1.7、1.4倍。植物群落Shannon指数和物种丰富度在2个沙地间未呈现出显著差异性（P>0.05）。研究表明，沙地水热等气候条件的改变不仅对沙质草地土壤理化性质产生深刻影响，还影响到植物群落组成与结构特征，但对植物多样性的影响有限，可能存在一个水热阈值条件。
위료탐명불동수열지대사지봉육초장토양성질화식피특정적차이성，이과이심사지화모오소사지봉육초지위연구대상，통과조사2개사지적토양이화성질화초본식피특정，비교불동지대사지토양성질여식피특정，병분석영향불동지대사지토양성질화식피분포적원인，이기위구역퇴화사질초지생태계통회복、보호여관리이급응대기후변화제공의거。결과표명：강우량교고적과이심사지（397 mm）봉육초장토양함수량（t=7.318，P=0.000）、유궤탄함량（t=6.395，P=0.000）、전담함량（t=4.532，P=0.003）이급토양C/N（t=2.491，P=0.041）균현저고우편간한적모오소사지（292 mm），전자분별시후자적2.5、2.5、2.2、1.2배，이토양pH（t=-39.576，P=0.000）、전도솔（t=-10.031，P=0.000）화토양온도（t=-11.559，P=0.000）균표현위과이심사지（년균온6.3℃）현저저우모오소사지（년균온7.7℃），후자분별시전자적1.2、1.8、1.1배。과이심사지식물개체수（t=-7.774，P=0.000）、우세도지수（t=-4.066，P=0.004）현저저우모오소사지，후자분별시전자적10、2배，이식물고도（t=7.003，P=0.000）화균균도지수（t=2.829，P=0.025）표현위과이심사지현저고우모오소사지（P<0.001），전자분별시후자적1.7、1.4배。식물군락Shannon지수화물충봉부도재2개사지간미정현출현저차이성（P>0.05）。연구표명，사지수열등기후조건적개변불부대사질초지토양이화성질산생심각영향，환영향도식물군락조성여결구특정，단대식물다양성적영향유한，가능존재일개수열역치조건。
The aim of this project was to elucidate the differences of soil properties and vegetation characteristics between Horqin sandy grassland and Mu Us sandy grassland, in order to provide the basis for the recovery of degraded sandy ecosystems, for the management and utilization, and for the strategies to climate changes in northern China. An investigation on soil physical-chemical properties and vegetation diversity indices were carried out in the two sandy grasslands. The results were shown that the soil water content (t=7.318, P=0.000), organic carbon (t=6.395, P=0.000) and total nitrogen (t=4.532, P=0.003) and soil C/N (t=2.491, P=0.041) were markedly higher in Horqin sandy grassland with much rainfall (397 mm) compared with the relatively arid Mu Us sandy grassland (292 mm), with the 2.5, 2.5, 2.2, 1.2 times more for the former than the latter, respectively. Soil pH (t=-39.576, P=0.000), electrical conductivity (t=-10.031, P=0.000) and temperature (t=-11.559, P=0.000) was markedly lower in Horqin sandy grassland with low air temperature (Multi-annual average value, 6.3 ℃) compared with the hot Mu Us sandy grassland (7.7 ℃), with the 1.2, 1.8, 1.1 times more for the latter than the former, respectively. Plant density(t=-7.774, P=0.000), and Simpson index (t=-4.066, P=0.004) was markedly lower in Horqin sandy grassland compared with Mu Us sandy grassland, with the 10, 2 times more for the latter than the former, respectively. Whereas, plant height (t=7.003, P=0.000) and evenness index (t=2.829, P=0.025) was markedly higher in Horqin sandy grassland compared with Mu Us sandy grassland, with the 1.7, 1.4 times more for the former than the latter, respectively. However, no significant (P>0.05) differences in plant richness and Shannon index were found between these two sandy grassland. In conclusion, the changes of rainfall amount and temperature was found to indicate marked impact on both the soil physical-chemical properties and plant community structure, whereas the effect on plant diversity was limited and depended much on a threshold of water and temperature levels.