CAJ | 학술논문

本研究梳理了社区与社区银行的概念，通过对14组代表性定义的内容分析和编码发现传统社区银行的实质就是中小型商业银行。社区隐含了社区银行的覆盖范围、服务对象和业务特征，其服务对象没有实质差别。研究提出了社区银行的四个维度和特征，分别是银行规模、覆盖范围、服务对象和业务种类。监管机构和美国提出者更关注银行规模，而研究者特别是中国研究者更重视覆盖范围。因此，“地理范围论”和“资产规模论”基本成立，而“国别论”理论差别不大，“所有制论”和“形态论”并不成立。通过案例研究和实地调研归纳出社区银行的三种主要模式：即美国的“关系信贷”、澳大利亚的“特许经营”和中国的“金融生态”模式。其中，“特许经营”模式变相扩大了银行规模和覆盖范围两个维度，而“金融生态”模式扩展和丰富了银行规模、覆盖范围和业务种类。最后，结合发达国家的先进经验，有针对性地提出四点建议，并构建了中国社区银行建设的特征与要素模型。
본연구소리료사구여사구은행적개념，통과대14조대표성정의적내용분석화편마발현전통사구은행적실질취시중소형상업은행。사구은함료사구은행적복개범위、복무대상화업무특정，기복무대상몰유실질차별。연구제출료사구은행적사개유도화특정，분별시은행규모、복개범위、복무대상화업무충류。감관궤구화미국제출자경관주은행규모，이연구자특별시중국연구자경중시복개범위。인차，“지리범위론”화“자산규모론”기본성립，이“국별론”이론차별불대，“소유제론”화“형태론”병불성립。통과안례연구화실지조연귀납출사구은행적삼충주요모식：즉미국적“관계신대”、오대리아적“특허경영”화중국적“금융생태”모식。기중，“특허경영”모식변상확대료은행규모화복개범위량개유도，이“금융생태”모식확전화봉부료은행규모、복개범위화업무충류。최후，결합발체국가적선진경험，유침대성지제출사점건의，병구건료중국사구은행건설적특정여요소모형。
This study reviews the concept of community and community bank .Then, we find the essence of traditional community bank is small and medium commercial bank through the definition of 14 repre-sentative groups for content analysis and coding .Community implies coverage , customers and types of business of community bank , and there is no real difference in the customers .We propose four dimen-sions and characteristics of community banks , namely bank (asset) size, coverage, customer and busi-ness type.Regulatory agencies and the U.S.researchers are more concerned about bank (asset) size, researchers particular Chinese pay more attention to coverage .Therefore , the“geographical scope view”and “scale of assets view” basically right , and the“country difference view” theoretically same ,“owner-ship view” and “form view” does not established .Through case study and field research , we generalizethree main modes of community banks:the“relationship lending” of U.S., the“franchise” of Australia and the “financial ecology” of China.Among them, the“franchise” disguised expands the bank size and coverage , and the “financial ecology” extends and enriches the bank size , coverage and types of busi-ness.Finally, we put forward four -point proposals, combined with advanced experience of developed countries , and build a model of characteristics and elements for community bank building in China .